"Where's the evidence?" is always a good question when it comes to aquatic
therapy. Here are a few starting points I've accumulated for a book I am
authoring entitled "Evidence-Based Aquatic Therapy".. Keep in mind that I
have not yet weeded out wheat from chaff. It's a broad list of aquatic
therapy articles for neuro patients (from journals, books and the
always-peer-reviewed lay magazine). I believe one or two are specific to the
Parkinson's patient.

If you would like to post this question -- or any other aquatic
therapy-related questions -- to the Aquatic Therapy Listserv, simply go to
www.aquaticnet.com/services and select the option which says Aquatic Therapy
Discussion Listserv.

Andrea Poteat Salzman, MS, PT
Owner, Aquatic Resources Network

The following was excerpted with permission from the Aquatic Resources
Network's Aquatic Therapy Research Bibliography, a 100+ page annotated
bibliography on aquatic therapy. This material may only be used for clinical
education and may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, for any commercial
purpose. To obtain the entire bibliography, see form on
www.aquaticnet.com/products

SPECIAL POPULATIONS -- NEUROLOGICAL AND NEUROSURGICAL DISORDER

Bleasdale N. Swimming and the paraplegic. Paraplegia. 1975; 13: 124-127.

Bosch PR, Wells CL. Effect of immersion on residual volume of able-bodied
and spinal cord injured males. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1991; 23(3): 384-388.

Broach E, Lynch W. Lakeshore Rehabilitation Complex Therapeutic Recreation
Services Traumatic Brain Injury Pool Scale. MN.

Deguchi A, Deguchi K, Shimura M, Ohnishi K, Hamaguchi H, Kawamura Y,
Murashima S, Nishikawa M, Shirakawa S. Spa bathing activate fibrinolysis in
patients with cerebral infarction. Internal Med. 1993; 32(8): 619-622.

Farrell RJ. A hydrotherapy program for high cervical cord lesions.
Physiother Can. 1976; 28(1): 8-12

Garvey LA. Spinal cord injury and aquatics. Clin Management. 1991; 11(1):
21-24.

Geis GC. A therapeutic aquatics program for quadripleic patients. Am
Corrective Ther J. 1975; 29(5): 155-157.

Giesecke CL. Aquatic rehabilitation of clients with spinal cord injury. In:
Ruoti RW, Morris DM, Cole AL. Aquatic Rehabilitation for Health
Professionals. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott-Raven; 1997: 127-150.


Hurley R, Turner C. Neurology and aquatic therapy. Clin Management. 1991;
11(1): 26-29.

Johnstone M. Restoration of Motor Function in the Stroke Patient. New York,
NY: Churchill Livingstone; 1978.

Mahoney M, McGraw-Non K, McNamara N, Merkel D. Aquatic interventions for
patients with spinal cord injuries. Aquatic Phys Ther Report. (Newsletter of
the American Physical Therapy Association - Aquatic Physical Therapy
Section). 1993;1(3):10-16,20.

Morris DM. Working with stroke patients. Biomechanics. 1996; March:73-74.

Morris DM, Buettner TL, White EW. Aquatic community-based exercise programs
for stroke survivors. SYNAPSE (Newsletter of the Neurosciences Division of
the Can Physiotherapy Association). 1995; 15(1): 8-14.

Morris DM, Buettner TL, White EW. Aquatic community-based exercise programs
for stroke survivors (reprint). J Aquatic Phys Ther. 1996;4(2):15-20.

Morris DM. Aquatic rehabilitation for the treatment of neurological
disorders. J Back Musculoskel Rehabil. 1994; 4(4): 297-308.

Morris DM. Aquatic neurorehabilitation. Neuro Report. 1995;19(3):22-28.

Morris DM. The use of pool therapy to improve the functional activities of
adult hemiplegic patients. In. Proceedings of the Forum on Physical Therapy
Issues Related to Cerebralvascular Accident. 45-48. Alexandria, VA: Combined
Sections Meeting of the American Physical Therapy Association Neurology
Section; 1992.

Newberg AB, Alavi A. The study of the brain using PET and SPECT:
implications for space and underwater neurology. J Neurol Sci. 1996;
136(1-2): 1-9.

Pachalski A, Mekarski T. Effect of swimming on increasing cardiorespiratory
capacity in paraplegics. Paraplegia.1980; 18(3):190-196.

Sorg RJ. HDL-cholesterol: exercise formula. Results of long-term (6-years)
strenuous swimming exercise in a middle aged male with paraplegia. J Orthop
Sports Phys Ther. 1993; 17: 195-199.

Taylor EW, Morris DM, Shaddeau S, Groomes T, Dupuy T. Effects of water
walking on hemiplegic gait. Aquatic Phys Ther Report. (Newsletter of the
American Physical Therapy Association - Aquatic Physical Therapy Section).
1992; 1(2): 10-13,21.

SPECIAL POPULATIONS -- NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDER

Adams MA, Chandler LS. Effects of physical therapy program on vital capacity
of patients with muscular dystrophy. Phys Ther. 1974; 54(5): 494-496.

Behlsen GM, Grigsby SA, Winant DM. Effects of an aquatic fitness program on
the muscular strength and endurance of patients with multiple sclerosis.
Physiotherapy. 1984; 64(5): 653-657.

Campbell ED, Green EA. Treatment of cerebral palsy in the severely
subnormal. Rheumat Phys Med. 1970; 10(8): 416-420.

Cunha MC, Oliveira AS, Labronici RH, Gabbai AA. Spinal muscular atrophy type
II (intermediary) and III (Kugelberg-Welander). Evolution of 50 patient with
physiotherapy and hydrotherapy in a swimming pool. 1996; 54(3): 402-406.

Duchenne GB. Studies on pseudohypertrophic muscular paralysis or
myoschlerotic paralysis. Arch Neurology. 1968; 19(6): 629-636.

Duthie PR. Changes in upper extremity range of motion and efficiency in
multiple sclerosis patients due to water activity. ERIC Document
Reproduction No. ED 171 654. Pullman, Washington: Washington State
University; 1977.

Fawcett J, Sidney JS, Hanson MJS, Riley-Lawless K. Use of alternative health
therapists by people with multiple sclerosis: an exploratory study. Holistic
Nurse Pract. 1994:8(2);36-42.

Gattenby TG. Hydrotherapy and muscular strength of individuals with multiple
sclerosis: a case study approach (Microfiche). Pullman, Washington:
Washington State University; 1986.

Gehlson G, Beekman K, Assmann N, Winant D, Seidle M , Carter A. Gait
characteristics in multiple sclerosis: progressive changes and effects of
exercise on parameters. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1986; 67(8): 536-539.

Gehlsen GM, Grigsby SA, Winant DM. Effects of an aquatic fitness program on
the muscular strength and endurance of patients with multiple sclerosis.
Phys Ther. 1984; 64(5): 653-57.

Gibbons A. Introducing the muscular dystrophy client to the water. Br J Phys
Ed. 1972; 3(4): 51-53.

Johnson CR. Aquatic therapy for an ALS patient. Am J Occ Ther. 1988; 42(2):
115-120.

Laurie G, Maynard FM, Fischer DA et al. Handbook on the Late Effects of
Poliomyelitis for Physicians and Survivors. St. Louis, MO: ?; 1984.

LewisSM. Therapeutic swimming: A different kind of nursing… aquatics program
for the multiple sclerosis patients. J Nurs Educ. 1985; 24(3): 125.

Peterson JL, Bell GW. Aquatic exercise for individuals with multiple
sclerosis. Clin Kinesiol. 1995;49(3):69-71.

Popovsky MA. Water is a powerful recovery aid (Guillain Barre). Aqua Intl.
1993; Sept/Oct: 6.

Prins JH, Havriluk R. Effects of aquatic exercise training on muscle force
in sedentary persons with polio disability. Presented at XIIth International
Congress on Biomechanics. University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia;
1991.

Prins JH, Hartung GH, Merritt DJ, Blancq RJ, Goebert DA. Effects of aquatic
exercise training in persons with poliomyelitis disability. Sports Med
Training Rehabil. 1994; 5: 29-39.

Sheaff F. Hydrotherapy in Huntington's disease. Nursing Times.
1990;86(4):46-49.

Woods DA. Aquatic exercise programs for patients with multiple sclerosis.
Clin Kinesiol. 1992;46(3):14-20.


-----Original Message-----
From: [log in to unmask] <[log in to unmask]>
To: [log in to unmask] <[log in to unmask]>
Date: Friday, April 16, 1999 3:55 AM
Subject: Hydrotherapy and Parkinson's patients


>A colleague has searched medline and AMED looking for any references about
>the use of hydrotherapy with people with Parkinson's disease. He runs a
>special clinic for PD patients and the PD Society locally are suggesting to
>him that hydrotherapy would be beneficial. But where is the evidence? If
>anybody out there has any knowledge about this could you let the world
know.
>Dave is editing a newsletter for Physios working with PD and will share any
>ideas.
>AGILE (Physiotherapists with older people) has organised a study day in
>London on 1 May on Parkinson's Disease and related diseases a different
>perspective at the Chelsea and Westminster Hospital cost £55.
>
>Margaret Hastings
>
>




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