medieval-religion: Scholarly discussions of medieval religion and culture





Supplementing Gordon Plumb's post of yesterday, herewith some period-pertinent images of Luke, Apostle and Evangelist.  Though these do not include images of Luke's tetramorphic symbol that are essentially zoomorphic in nature, they do include a few images of the evangelist in which he is shown with human hands and feet but with the head -- and / or the wings -- of his celestial figure.  Reflecting different underlying textual sources for the construction of the tetramorph, that figure sometimes appears as a calf and sometimes as an ox.  Whereas it is easy to distinguish between a calf and an ox, many medieval versions of the symbol present an intermediate form that probably could best be described as a steer (or even as a young steer).  To avoid having to make such distinctions, I refer throughout to the bovid in question as Luke's "calf / ox".  Also not included are images of Luke painting the BVM or presenting a portrait of her that he is presumed to have painted.  But I have included one image showing on an easel in Luke's study a daub of the BVM making one all the more grateful for the existence of Antonello da Messina.



a) as depicted (second from bottom at right; below him, St. James) among the roundels of apostles framing the Theotokos and Christ Child in a sixth-century tapestry icon from Egypt in the Cleveland Museum of Art:

http://www.clevelandart.org/art/1967.144#

Detail view:

http://tinyurl.com/p4y9pnz



b) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in an earlier sixth-century mosaic (betw. 527 and 548) on the north wall of the presbytery of Ravenna's basilica di San Vitale:

http://tinyurl.com/qhtrgqs



c) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in the late seventh- or early eighth-century Lindisfarne Gospels (London, BL, Cotton MS Nero D IV, fol. 137v):

http://imageweb-cdn.magnoliasoft.net/britishlibrary/supersize/pod86.jpg



d) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in a full-page illumination in the late eighth-century Godescalc Gospels (betw. 781 and 783; Paris, BnF, ms. Nouvelle acquisition latine 1203, fol. 2r):

http://tinyurl.com/proz2av

Detail view:

http://rubens.anu.edu.au/htdocs/bytype/manuscripts/survey/0001/150.JPG



e) as depicted in a later eighth- or earlier ninth-century pocket Gospels from Ireland (London, BL, Add. MS 40618, fol. 21v):

http://tinyurl.com/npr73rp



f) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in the Luke and John portion of the very late eighth- or early ninth-century Lorsch Gospels (before 814; Città del Vaticano, BAV, cod. Pal. lat. 50, fol. Iv):

http://bibliotheca-laureshamensis-digital.de/bav/bav_pal_lat_50/0008



g) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in a ninth-century Gospels of Breton origin (Alençon, Bibliothèque municipale, ms. 84, fol. 66v):

http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/Wave/savimage/enlumine/irht2/IRHT_052521-p.jpg



h) as depicted (in the leaf at left at upper left, with his calf / ox and facing St. John the Evangelist) on the early ninth-century Harrach Diptych (ca. 810; a Carolingian ivory from Aachen) in the Schnütgen Museum in Köln (on long-term loan from the Sammlung Ludwig):

https://www.flickr.com/photos/27305838@N04/8405620365

Detail view of the uppermost registers of those two leaves:

http://rationalfaiths.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/IMG_0857b2.jpg



i)  as depicted (with his calf / ox) in the earlier ninth-century Ebbo Gospels (betw. 816 and 835; Épernay, Bibliothèque municipale, ms. 1, fol. 90v):

http://tinyurl.com/nw2nc3a



j) as depicted in a full-page illumination in a late ninth- or early tenth-century Gospels from Landévennec (Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Auct. D. 2. 16, fol.101v):

http://image.ox.ac.uk/images/bodleian/ms.auct.d.2.16/101v.jpg



k)  as depicted in a tenth-century Gospels from Constantinople (Paris, BnF, ms. Coislin 195, fol. 240v):

http://tinyurl.com/299thvo



l) as depicted in an early tenth-century Gospels of Breton origin, perh. from Landévennec (908-909; Troyes: Médiathèque Grand-Troyes [until very recently: Médiathèques de l'Agglomération Troyenne], ms. 960, fol. 71v):

http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/Wave/savimage/enlumine/irht2/IRHT_052416-p.jpg



m) as depicted in a partly preserved mid-tenth-century New Testament probably from Constantinople (London, British Library,  MS Add 28815, fols. 76v and 162v):

http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/Viewer.aspx?ref=add_ms_28815_f076v

http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/Viewer.aspx?ref=add_ms_28815_f162v

Another portion of the same manuscript is now BL, Egerton MS 3145



n) as portrayed in high relief (second from right) on one side of a later tenth-century ivory reliquary casket, probably from Constantinople, in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York:

http://www.metmuseum.org/collection/the-collection-online/search/464238?img=3



o) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in the late tenth- or early eleventh-century Gospels of Otto III (Munich, BSB, clm 4453, fol. 139r):

http://www.wga.hu/art/zgothic/miniatur/1001-050/1/1gospel5.jpg



p) as depicted in a full-page miniature in the late tenth- or eleventh-century Codex Theodosianus (a Gospels lectionary) belonging to the Holy Monastery of the God-trodden Mount Sinai in St. Catherine (South Sinai governorate) in Egypt (cod. gr. 204, fol. 12r):

http://www.icon-art.info/hires.php?lng=en&type=1&id=2466



q) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in an eleventh-century Gospels of northern French origin (Paris, BnF, ms. Arsenal 592, fol. 105v):

http://tinyurl.com/qjphnha



r) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in the early eleventh-century Limburg Gospels (Köln, Dombibliothek, Codex 218, fol. 108v):

http://tinyurl.com/p6czmca



s) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in the early eleventh-century Reichenau Gospels (Munich, BSB, clm 4453, fol. 127v):

http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00004502/image_264



t) as depicted in the earlier eleventh-century frescoes (restored betw. 1953 and 1962) in the narthex of the church of the Theotokos in the monastery of Hosios Loukas near Distomo in Phokis:

http://tinyurl.com/nphh2vm



u) as depicted in an earlier eleventh-century Gospels from Constantinople (Paris, BnF, ms. Grec 64, fol. 101v):

http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b105157462/f212.image



v) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in a later eleventh-century Gospels seemingly from southeastern France, perhaps Arles (Reims, Bibliothèque municipale, ms. 13, fol. 92v):

http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/Wave/savimage/enlumine/irht6/IRHT_097742-p.jpg



w) as depicted in the later eleventh-century mosaics (ca. 1065) in the niches in front of the main door in the narthex in Venice's basilica cattedrale patriarcale di San Marco:

http://www.pbase.com/bmcmorrow/image/91368380

Detail view:

https://www.flickr.com/photos/28433765@N07/5319481115



x) as depicted in the later eleventh-century Cologne Gospels (ca. 1076-1100; London, BL, Harley MS 2820, fol. 120r):

http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/Viewer.aspx?ref=harley_ms_2820_f120r



y) as depicted in the eleventh- and twelfth-century frescoes of the Elmali Church (Apple Church) at Göreme (Nevşehir province) in Turkey:

http://www.pbase.com/dosseman/image/41536848



z) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in a fragmentary leaf from a late eleventh- or early twelfth-century bible (ca. 1100) from the abbey of Cluny in the Cleveland Museum of Art:

http://www.clevelandart.org/art/1968.190#



aa) as depicted in a twelfth-century Gospels, perhaps from Constantinople, with commentary (Paris, BnF, ms. Grec 189, fol. 206v):

http://tinyurl.com/ojfbdcb



bb) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in a twelfth-century Gospels from Metz (Paris, BnF, ms. Latin 9395, fol. 93r):

http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b103088868/f187.item



cc) as depicted (at lower right) in one of the early twelfth-century roundels of the evangelists on the central panel, commissioned in Constantinople in 1105 and bearing inscriptions in Latin, of the Pala d'Oro ("Golden Altar-frontal") in Venice's basilica cattedrale patriarcale di San Marco:

http://tinyurl.com/q47pen6

Detail view (Luke's roundel):

http://tinyurl.com/nwvz37n



dd) as depicted in an earlier twelfth-century Gospels from Agen or from the abbey of Moissac (Paris, BnF, ms. Latin 254, fol. 46v):

http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8426051s/f96.item.zoom



ee) as depicted in an earlier twelfth-century Gospels lectionary from the abbey of Saint-Évroult d'Ouche (betw. 1113 and 1133; Rouen, Bibliothèque municipale, ms. 31, fol. 88r):

http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/Wave/savimage/enlumine/irht6/IRHT_100216-p.jpg



ff) as depicted in an earlier twelfth-century Gospels from the abbey of Saint-Bénigne in Dijon (ca. 1126-1150; Dijon, Bibliothèque municipale, ms. 2, fol. 429v):

http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/Wave/savimage/enlumine/irht6/IRHT_093452-p.jpg

Detail view:

http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/Wave/savimage/enlumine/irht6/IRHT_093453-p.jpg



gg) as depicted (upper register at right) in the mid-twelfth-century apse mosaics (completed in 1148) of the basilica cattedrale della Trasfigurazione in Cefalù:

http://www.wga.hu/art/zgothic/mosaics/3cefalu/5cefalu.jpg



hh) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in a later twelfth-century Bible from the abbey of Saint-Sulpice in Bourges (betw. 1176 and 1200; Bourges, Bibliothèque municipale, ms. 3, fol. 323v):

http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/Wave/savimage/enlumine/irht8/IRHT_146690-p.jpg



ii) as depicted in a pendentive of the later twelfth-century Crossing Cupola / Ascension Cupola (betw. 1176 and 1200) in Venice's basilica cattedrale patriarcale di San Marco:

http://tinyurl.com/onxulat



jj) as portrayed (at right, below his calf / ox; at left, St. Mark) in a late twelfth-century jamb statue on the Galluspforte (the north portal; ca. 1180-1190) of the Basler Münster:

https://www.flickr.com/photos/martin-m-miles/7110881499/



kk) as depicted (at right, after Sts. Philip and Bartholomew) in the late twelfth-century mosaics (ca. 1182) in the sanctuary of the basilica cattedrale di Santa Maria Nuova in Monreale:

http://www.christianiconography.info/sicily/philipBartholomewLuke.smal.jpg



ll) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in two places in the late twelfth-century Souvigny Bible (Moulins, Médiathèque Communautaire de l'agglomération de Moulins, ms. 2, fols. 329v and 342):

1) At the beginning of his gospel:

http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/Wave/savimage/enlumine/irht4/IRHT_080149-p.jpg

2) At the beginning of St. Jerome's commentary on Luke:

http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/Wave/savimage/enlumine/irht4/IRHT_080152-p.jpg



mm) as depicted (with two oxen) in the twelfth- or thirteenth-century Red Gospels of Ganjasar (Chicago, University of Chicago Library, Goodspeed Manuscript Collection, ms. 949, fol. 139v):

http://goodspeed.lib.uchicago.edu/view/index.php?doc=0949&obj=282



nn) as depicted in a thirteenth-century bible possibly of Italian origin (Le Puy-en-Velay, Bibliothèque du Puy en Velay, ms. 1, fol. 315v):

http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/Wave/savimage/enlumine/irht4/IRHT_080585-p.jpg



oo) as portrayed in an earlier thirteenth-century vault boss (ca. 1215-1225?) in an apsidial chapel in the église Saint-Serge in Angers:

http://tinyurl.com/p4o7fdh



pp) as depicted (at far left) in the earlier thirteenth-century apse mosaic (1220) of the basilica di San Paolo fuori le Mura in Rome:

http://tinyurl.com/358xl34



qq) as depicted in a later thirteenth-century fresco (betw. 1260 and 1263) in a pendentive in the church of the Holy Apostles in the Patriarchate  of Peć at Peć in, depending on one's view of the matter, either the Republic of Kosovo or Serbia's province of Kosovo and Metohija:

http://tinyurl.com/d269b75



rr) as depicted on a pendentive of the third cupola of Joseph in the later thirteenth-century mosaics (ca. 1260-1270) of the north narthex in Venice's basilica cattedrale patriarcale di San Marco:

http://tinyurl.com/otgswrd

Detail view:

http://tinyurl.com/pnjbhph



ss) as depicted by Toros Roslin in the later thirteenth-century Walters T'oros Roslin Gospels (a.k.a. Sebastia Gospels of 1262) from Armenian Cilicia (1262; Baltimore, Walters Art Museum, ms. W.539, fol. 200v):

http://tinyurl.com/qjcen74



tt) as depicted (lower register at left; with his calf / ox) by Cimabue in a later thirteenth-century fresco (betw. 1277 and 1283) in the crossing vault of the upper church of the basilica di San Francesco in Assisi:

http://tinyurl.com/qd4xaz2

Detail view (Luke):

http://tinyurl.com/pqvquzd



uu) as depicted in the late thirteenth-century Burney Gospels (1285; London, BL, MS Burney 20, fol. 142v):

http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/Viewer.aspx?ref=burney_ms_20_f142v



vv) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in the late thirteenth-century Livre d'images de Madame Marie (ca. 1285-1290; Paris, BnF, ms. Nouvelle acquisition française 16251, fol. 74r):

http://tinyurl.com/n9c8h9r



ww) as depicted (at lower left; with his calf / ox) by Duccio di Buoninsegna in his relatively recently restored late thirteenth-century great window (1287-1288) for that city's cathedral (now in the Museo dell'Opera della Metropolitana):

http://tinyurl.com/qeqkzv2



xx) as portrayed in high relief (with his calf / ox) by Arnolfo da Cambio on his late thirteenth-century ciborium (1293) in the basilica di Santa Cecilia in Trastevere in Rome:

http://www.wga.hu/art/a/arnolfo/3/05evange.jpg



yy) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in a fourteenth-century bible (Bible des Célestins / Bible of Charles V; Paris, BnF, ms. Arsenal 590, fol. 447r):

http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84581342/f901.item.zoom



zz) as depicted in an earlier fourteenth-century fresco (betw. ca. 1312 and 1321/1322) in a pendentive in the monastery church of the Theotokos at Gračanica in, depending on one's view of the matter, Serbia's province of Kosovo and Metohija or the Republic of Kosovo:

http://tinyurl.com/33shq5u



aaa) as depicted in the earlier fourteenth-century frescoes (betw. ca. 1317 and 1324) in a pendentive in the church of St. Demetrius in the Patriarchate of Peć at Peć in, depending upon one's view of the matter, either Serbia's province of Kosovo and Metohija or the Republic of Kosovo:

http://tinyurl.com/nnfom4q



bbb) as depicted in an earlier fourteenth-century copy of the _Legenda aurea_ in its French-language version by Jean de Vignay (ca. 1326-1350; Paris, BnF, ms. Français 185, fol. 68v):

http://tinyurl.com/oud2tng



ccc) as depicted (at left, flanking the risen Jesus on the road to Emmaus; at right, St. Cleophas / Clopas) in an earlier fourteenth-century panel (later 1320s or 1330s) in a window (W 14 [also s VI]; "Vie surnaturelle du Christ" or "After the Passion") in Strasbourg's cathédrale Notre-Dame:

http://www.cathedrale-strasbourg.fr/popgallery.aspx?pic_id=2595&cat_id=118



ddd) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in an earlier fourteenth-century French-language legendary of Parisian origin with illuminations attributed to the Fauvel Master (ca. 1327; Paris, BnF, ms. Français 183, fol. 73r):

http://tinyurl.com/p6nm8g5



eee) as depicted (with his calf / ox) by Simone Martini in an earlier fourteenth-century panel painting (1330s) in the J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles:

http://tinyurl.com/nmmlw2f

http://www.wga.hu/art/s/simone/7last/5luke.jpg



fff) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in an earlier fourteenth-century copy, from the workshop of Richard and Jeanne de Montbaston, of the _Legenda aurea_ in its French-language version by Jean de Vignay (1348; Paris, BnF, ms.  Français 241, fol. 280r):

http://tinyurl.com/o7ebse7



ggg) as depicted (top center) in a mid-fourteenth-century copy (ca. 1355) of Ulrich of Lilienfeld's _Concordantiae caritatis_ (Lilienfeld, Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. 151, fol. 220v):

http://tarvos.imareal.oeaw.ac.at/server/images/7005011.JPG



hhh) as depicted in a later fourteenth-century Gospels from the monastery of Gamałiēl in Xizan (Paris, BnF, ms. Arménien 333, fol. 124v):

http://tinyurl.com/objf9o3



iii) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in a later fourteenth-century panel painting (betw. 1357 and 1367) by Theodoric of Prague and workshop in the Holy Cross Chapel, Karlštejn Castle (near Prague):

http://tarvos.imareal.oeaw.ac.at/server/images/7014179.JPG



jjj) as depicted (at right; at left, St. John  the Baptist) by Giovanni da Milano in a later fourteenth-century panel painting (ca. 1360; from his dismembered Ognissanti Polyptych) in the Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence:

http://tinyurl.com/nz3j343



kkk) as depicted in the later fourteenth-century frescoes (1360s and 1370s; restored, 1968-1970) in the church of St. Demetrius in Marko's Monastery at Markova Sušica:

http://tinyurl.com/o6mf7wv



lll) as depicted by the Master of the Misericordia in a later fourteenth-century panel painting (ca. 1365-1370) in the Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan:

http://tinyurl.com/pwfbkek

NB: As those who have looked closely at what Luke appears to be writing will have guessed, this image is reversed.  An expandable grayscale image is here:

http://tinyurl.com/ooows8t



mmm) as depicted by Jacopo di Cione and workshop in a later fourteenth-century panel painting (ca. 1365-1370) in the National Gallery, London:

http://tinyurl.com/q9sj5e4



nnn) as depicted on a later fourteenth-century single leaf from Lake Tana in Ethiopia (betw. 1375 and 1400; Baltimore, Walters Art Museum, Ms. W/840):

http://tinyurl.com/ode87jk



ooo) As depicted on a pendentive in the late fourteenth-century frescoes of the cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Savior in Tsalenjikha, Georgia:

http://www.truechristianity.info/img/churches/georgia/tsalenjikha_cathedral_4.jpg



ppp) as depicted by Giovanni di Benedetto and workshop in a late fourteenth-century Franciscan missal of Milanese origin (ca. 1385-1390; Paris, BnF, ms. Latin 757, fol. 206v):

http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8470209d/f416.image.r=



qqq) as depicted (with his calf / ox) by Spinello Aretino in two late fourteenth-century vault frescoes in Florence and vicinity:

1) in the chiesa di San Miniato al Monte in Florence (1387-1388):

http://tinyurl.com/phygyhs

2) in the oratorio di Sante Caterina delle Ruote in Bagnoli a Ripoli (ca. 1388; restored, 1996-1998):

http://tinyurl.com/oe5jcn8



rrr) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in an early fifteenth-century copy of Guiard des Moulins' _Bible historiale_ (Paris, BnF, ms. Arsenal 5058, fol. 476v):

http://tinyurl.com/nt89ndw

http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8458142m/f362.item.zoom



sss) as portrayed by Nanni di Bianco in an early fifteenth-century statue (ca. 1408-1415) formerly on the facade of Florence's cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore and now in the Museo dell'Opera del duomo there:

http://tinyurl.com/owdz729

As seen from below:

http://tinyurl.com/nkqr4qb



ttt) as depicted (with a companion that looks more like the lion of St. Mark than either a calf or an ox) in the early fifteenth-century Hours of René of Anjou (ca. 1410; London, BL, MS Egerton 1070, fol. 104v; image expandable):

http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/Viewer.aspx?ref=egerton_ms_1070_f104v



uuu) as depicted in an early fifteenth-century copy of the _Elsässische Legenda aurea_ (1419; Heidelberg, Universitätsbibliothek, Cod. Pal. germ. 144, fol. 163r):

http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/cpg144/0341



vvv) as depicted in a full-page illumination in the earlier fifteenth-century Radoslav Gospel from Serbia (1428-1429; Saint Petersburg, National Library of Russia, ms. РНБ. F.I.591, fol. 3r):

http://tinyurl.com/q872my7



www) as portrayed in high relief (with his calf / ox) by Donatello in an earlier fifteenth-century terracotta roundel (betw. 1428 and 1445) in the old sacristy of Florence's basilica di San Lorenzo:

http://www.wga.hu/art/d/donatell/2_mature/sacristy/1sacri11.jpg



xxx) as depicted (with his calf / ox) by Piero della Francesca in a mid-fifteenth-century vault fresco (ca. 1450-1460) in the cappella dei Santi Michele e Pietro in Rome's basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore:

http://tinyurl.com/qxwmdpj



yyy) as depicted by Andrea Mantegna in his mid-fifteenth-century St. Luke altarpiece (commissioned in 1453) in the Pinacoteca di Brera in Milan:

http://www.wga.hu/art/m/mantegna/02/sanluca4.jpg

Detail view:

http://www.wga.hu/art/m/mantegna/02/sanluca6.jpg



zzz) as depicted by Filippo Lippi in a mid-fifteenth-century vault fresco (ca. 1454) in the sanctuary of Prato's cattedrale di Santo Stefano:

http://www.wga.hu/art/l/lippi/filippo/1450pr/01stluke.jpg



aaaa) as portrayed in high relief in a mid-fifteenth-century glazed terracotta roundel, variously ascribed to Luca della Robbia and workshop or to the aged Donatello, on a pendentive in the Cappella dei Pazzi (completed in 1460) in the Santa Croce complex in Florence:

http://www.florentinermuseen.com/foto/cappella%20pazzi/image/2.jpg



bbbb) as depicted (with his calf/ ox) in a later fifteenth-century panel painting (ca. 1460-1470) on a Sunday-side wing of an altar in the Katholische Wallfahrtskirche Sankt Wolfgang in St. Wolfgang, a locality of Velburg (Lkr. Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz) in Bayern:

http://tarvos.imareal.oeaw.ac.at/server/images/7021949.JPG



cccc) as depicted (at left, with his calf / ox; at right, St. Mark) on a section of the later fifteenth-century rood screen (ca. 1480) in the church of All Saints, Morston (Norfolk):

https://www.flickr.com/photos/paulodykes/7482944470

Detail view (at left, the calf / ox):

https://www.flickr.com/photos/paulodykes/7482805504



dddd) as depicted (with his calf / ox and with a painting of the BVM) in a later fifteenth-century copy of the _Legenda aurea_ in its French-language translation by Jean de Vignay (ca. 1480-1490; Paris, BnF, ms. Français 245, fol. 141r):

http://tinyurl.com/nooaell



eeee) as depicted (with his calf / ox) in a late fifteenth-century panel painting (ca. 1480-1500) on an outer wing of the Siebenhirter Altar (a.k.a. Apostle Altar) in the Pfrarrkirche of Lieseregg, a locality of Seeboden am Millstätter See (Land Kärnten):

http://tarvos.imareal.oeaw.ac.at/server/images/7002159.JPG



ffff) as depicted (with his calf / ox) by Domenico Ghirlandaio in a late fifteenth-century vault fresco (ca. 1485-1490) in the cappella Tornabuoni in Florence's chiesa di Santa Maria Novella:

http://www.wga.hu/art/g/ghirland/domenico/6tornab/63tornab/7vault4.jpg



gggg) as portrayed by Tilman Riemenschneider in a late fifteenth-century glazed limewood statue from the St. Mary Magdalene altarpiece in Münnerstadt (1490-1492), now in the Bode-Museum in Berlin:

https://www.flickr.com/photos/grahamfellows/8141405053



hhhh) as depicted (at left, followed by St. John and by St. Mary Magdalene) on the probably early sixteenth-century rood screen in the church of St. Andrew, Bramfield (Suffolk):

http://s0.geograph.org.uk/geophotos/02/49/83/2498399_849948f4.jpg

Detail view:

http://www.britainexpress.com/images/attractions/editor/Bramfield-4706.jpg



iiii) as portrayed (with his calf / ox) in an earlier sixteenth-century polychromed wooden statue (ca. 1500-1520) in the Kirche St. Thomas in Hirschzell, a _Stadtteil_ of Kaufbeuren:

http://tarvos.imareal.oeaw.ac.at/server/images/7017753.JPG



Best,

John Dillon



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