Salima -- Not to apologize! We can discuss things again if we like, of
course, and also there are always new people in the mix. Umberto was just
suggesting that you might like to have the references that people dug up
previously.

As to the "hippo" in "hipposandal": not the Nile beast for sure. "Hippo"
is Greek for "horse", so you get English language compounds like
"Hippology" (meaning "general knowledge about all things horse-related")
or "hippophagy" (consumption of horse meat by people) or, for that matter,
"hippopotamus" meaning "river horse", because the Greeks did not share our
ideas about equine taxonomy!

For a great discussion of hipposandals, the two best books that just about
every library would have would be:

Chenevix-Trench, Charles. 1974. "Horsemanship"

and Anthony Dent's hippology, can't remember the exact title, date also in
the 1970's. Both have good pictures, mostly derived from specimens on
exhibit at the British Museum. Cheers -- Dr. Deb

> ooops and thanks
>
> Salima Ikram
> Egyptology Unit Head
> Professor of Egyptology
> American University in Cairo
> P. O. Box 74, Road 90, Tagammu 5
> New Cairo 11825, EGYPT
> [log in to unmask]
> Fax: +20-2-2797-4903
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> On 12 Nov 2013, at 09:05, Umberto Albarella wrote:
>
>> please also note that the subject has been discussed on Zooarch before,
>> please do check the archives
>>
>>
>>
>> On 12 November 2013 07:00, KIM DAMMERS <[log in to unmask]> wrote:
>> Roman horseshoes:
>>
>> There was a running discussion over the existence of Roman horseshoes in
>> the 1930s, revolving around the finds of horseshoes at Roman sites and
>> whether or not they were intrusive.  This article (available for those
>> of You fortunate enough to have JSTOR or a good library with back issues
>> of CJ) refers to previous articles in the discussion:
>>
>> A. D. Fraser "Recent Light on the Roman Horseshoe,"
>> The Classical Journal
>> Vol. 29, No. 9 (Jun., 1934), pp. 689-691
>> http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/3289825?uid=3738392&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21102906189647
>> .
>>
>> There is also literature on "horseshoe"earrings in Etruscan or Roman
>> Italy around maybe the 4th century B.C., but this might be a misnomer.
>>
>> More recently,
>> Excavation of Roman Field Boundaries at CotswoldCommunity Phase 4,
>> Ashton Keynes, Wiltshire by Andrew Weale and Steve Preston (2009)
>>  [http://www.tvas.co.uk/reports/pdf/ccw05-61phase4.pdf , p. 13 ]  talk
>> of securely dated Roman horseshoes in Britain, giving references.
>>
>>
>>
>> On Tuesday, November 12, 2013 10:53 AM,
>> "[log in to unmask]" <[log in to unmask]>
>> wrote:
>> Salima -- The received or traditional opinion is that the horseshoe
>> doesn't come along until Attila the Hun, i.e. early Medieval. However,
>> there is a shoe from good Roman context from a site near Newcastle, and
>> I
>> also know of some others with good Roman context (which are unpublished
>> as
>> yet). I think, given that the Romans were positively geniuses in the
>> working of iron, and also that I've seen some Roman nails that have the
>> peculiar one-sided form required for nailing the horseshoe on without
>> quicking the horse, that the Romans most certainly did use nailed
>> horseshoes as well as hipposandals.
>>
>> This would also be true of mules; mules are in fact more likely to have
>> been shod than horses, and one of the shoes of which I am speaking above
>> was clearly for a mule and not a horse (the shape of the hoof differs).
>> Donkeys, however, I think are the least likely of the three equine
>> domesticates to have been shod -- anywhere, or at any time. If you have
>> small, U-shaped (rather than C-shaped) shoes they are probably for small
>> mules rather than donkeys. -- Dr. Deb
>>
>>
>> > Does anyone know when the horseshoe was invented? Or was it invented
>> for
>> > donkeys? Please excuse my ignorance.
>> >
>> > Salima Ikram
>> > Egyptology Unit Head
>> > Professor of Egyptology
>> > American University in Cairo
>> > P. O. Box 74, Road 90, Tagammu 5
>> > New Cairo 11825, EGYPT
>> > [log in to unmask]
>> > Fax: +20-2-2797-4903
>> >
>> >
>> >
>> >
>> >
>> >
>> >
>> >
>> >
>> >
>> >
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> --
>> Umberto Albarella
>> Department of Archaeology
>> University of Sheffield
>> Northgate House
>> West Street
>> Sheffield S1 4ET
>> United Kingdom
>> Telephone: (+) 44 (0) 114 22 22 943
>> Fax: (+) 44 (0) 114  22 25 109
>> http://www.sheffield.ac.uk/archaeology/people/albarella
>> For MSc in Osteoarchaeology see:
>> http://www.shef.ac.uk/archaeology/postgraduate/masters/courses-available/osteoarchaeology
>> For Zooarchaeology short course see:
>> http://www.shef.ac.uk/archaeology/research/zooarchaeology-lab/short-course
>> For Archaeologists for Global Justice (AGJ) see:
>> http://agj.group.shef.ac.uk/
>>
>> "only when the last tree has died and the last river been poisoned
>> and the last fish been caught we will realise we cannot eat money"
>
>