Dear Ana,

some more references on hyaena dens. I recommend especially Brain
(1981), Andrews (1990) and the papers by Haynes.

Regards

Christian

---

ANDREWS, PETER & NESBIT EVANS, ELIZABETH M. (1983): Small mammal bone
accumulations produced by mammalian carnivores. - Paleobiology 9(3), 289-307

ANDREWS, PETER (1990): Owls, Caves and Fossils, London

BEARDER, SIMON K. (1977): Feeding habits of spotted hyaenas in a
woodland habitat. - East African Wildlife Journal 15, 263-280, Oxford /
London

BEHRENSMEYER, ANNA KAY (1991): Terrestrial Vertebrate Accumulations. in:
ALLISON, PETER A. & BRIGGS, DEREK E. G. (eds.): Taphonomy: Releasing the
Data Locked in the Fossil Record, 291-335, New York

BINFORD, LEWIS ROBERTS (1981): Bones - Ancient Men and Modern Myths, London

BLUMENSCHINE, ROBERT J. (1988): An Experimental Model of the Timing of
Hominid and Carnivore Influence on Archaeological Bone Assemblages. -
Journal of Archaeological Science 15, 483-502, London

BLUMENSCHINE, ROBERT J. & SELVAGGIO, MARIE M. (1991): On the Marks of
Marrow Bone Processing by Hammerstones and Hyenas: Their Anatomical
Patterning and Archaeological Implications. in: CLARK, J. DESMOND (ed.):
Cultural Beginnings - Approaches to Understanding Early Hominid
Life-Ways in the African Savanna, 17-32, Bonn

BRAIN, CHARLES KIMBERLIN (1981): The Hunters or the Hunted?, Chicago

DART, RAYMOND A. (1956): The Myth of the Bone-Accumulating Hyena. -
American Anthropologist 58, 40-62, Menasha (Wisconsin)

DAVIS, SIMON J. M. (1995): The Archaeology of Animals, 2nd edition, London

FEJFAR, OLDRICH (1957): Einige Beispiele der Benagung fossiler Knochen.
- Anthropozoikum 7, 145-149, Tafel I-XII, Praha

HAYNES, GARY (1980a): Evidence of carnivore gnawing on Pleistocene and
Recent mammalian bones. - Paleobiology 6(3), 341-351, Chicago

HAYNES, GARY (1980b): Prey bones and predators: Potential ecologic
information from analysis of bone sites. - Ossa 7, 75-97, Stockholm

HAYNES, GARY (1982): Utilization and Skeletal Disturbances of North
American Prey Carcasses. - Arctic 35(2), 266-281

HAYNES, GARY (1983a): Frequencies of Spiral and Green-Bone Fractures on
Ungulate Limb Bones in Modern Surface Assemblages. - American Antiquity
48(1), 102-114, Salt Lake City

HAYNES, GARY (1983b): A guide for differentiating mammalian carnivore
taxa responsible for gnaw damage to herbivore limb bones. - Paleobiology
9(2), 164-172

HILL, ANDREW (1976): On Carnivore and Weathering Damage to Bone. -
Current Anthropology 17(2), 335-336, New York

HILL, ANDREW (1980): A modern hyena den in Amboseli National Park,
Kenya. - Proceedings of the 8th Panafrican Congress of Prehistory and
Quaternary Studies, 137-138, Nairobi

HUGHES, ALUN (1954): Hyaenas versus Australopithecines as Agents of Bone
Accumulation. - American Journal of Physical Anthropology 12, New York /
London

KRUUK, HANS (1966): Clan-system and Feeding Habits of Spotted Hyaenas
(Crocuta crocuta Erxleben). - Nature 209, 1257-1258, New York

KRUUK, HANS & TURNER, M. (1967): Comparative Notes on Predation by Lion,
Leopard, Cheetah and Wild Dog in the Serengeti Area, East Africa. -
Mammalia 31, 1-27

KRUUK, HANS (1968): Hyenas - The Hunters Nobody Knows. - National
Geographic Magazine 134(3), 44-57, Washington

KRUUK, HANS (1972): The Spotted Hyena, Chicago / London

KRUUK, HANS (1975): Hyena, Oxford / London

KRUUK, HANS (1976): Feeding and social behaviour of the striped hyaena
(Hyaena vulgaris Desmarest). - East African Wildlife Journal 14, 91-111,
Oxford / London

LUNDELIUS, ERNEST L. (1966): Marsupial Carnivore Dens in Australian
Caves. - Studies in Speleology 1(4), 174-180, Torquay (Devonshire)

LYMAN, ROGER LEE (1994): Vertebrate Taphonomy, Cambridge

MECH, L. DAVID (1970): The Wolf: The Ecology and Behaviour of an
Endangered Species, New York

SHIPMAN, PAT & PHILLIPS, JANE E. (1976): On Scavenging by Hominids and
Other Carnivores. - Current Anthropology 17(1), 170-172, New York

SHIPMAN, PAT & PHILLIPS-CONROY, JANE (1977): Hominid Tool-making Versus
Carnivore Scavenging. - American Journal of Physical Anthropology 46,
77-86, Tucson

SHIPMAN, PAT (1981): Life History of a Fossil, Cambridge

SUTCLIFFE, ANTONY J. (1970a): Spotted Hyena: Crusher, Gnawer, Digester
and Collector of Bones. - Nature 227, 1110-1113, London

SUTCLIFFE, ANTONY J. (1970b): A Section of an Imaginary Bone Cave. -
Studies in Speleology 2(2), 79-80, London

THENIUS, ERICH (1976): Hyänenfraßreste aus dem Villafranchium
Österreichs. - Säugetierkundliche Mitteilungen 24, 95-98, München / Bern
/ Wien

ZAPFE, HELMUTH (1939): Lebensspuren der eiszeitlichen Höhlenhyäne. Die
urgeschichtliche Bedeutung der Lebensspuren knochenfressender Raubtiere.
- Palaeobiologica 7(2), 111-146, Wien

ZAPFE, HELMUTH (1954): Beiträge zur Erklärung der Entstehung von
Knochenlagerstätten in Karstspalten und Höhlen. - Geologie 3, Beiheft
12, Berlin


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  >----------------------------------------------------------------------
  >
  >Date:    Sun, 11 Mar 2007 19:58:18 +0100
  >From:   <[log in to unmask]>
  >Subject: ANATOMICAL DATA CARNIVORE DENS
  >

  >Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
  >Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
  >
  >Hello Zooarch,
  >
  >I'm looking for anatomical representation data in terms of MNE, MAU or
PR o=
  >f carnivore dens to compare with my assemblage in order to know if
there ha=
  >s been a carnivore accumulation.
  >
  >Thanks,
  >
  >Ana