medieval-religion: Scholarly discussions of medieval religion and culture
From: John Dillon <[log in to unmask]>
>Fulbert of Chartres (d. 1028).
>He started the building of Chartres' present cathedral after its predecessor
had been destroyed by fire in 1020; part of the crypt dates from his
pontificate.
> F. was buried in the abbey (now parish) church of Saint-Père at Chartres.
"Saint-Père-en-Vallée" is the [mis-]name given to the place from early
modern times (i've never read where the name first popped up).
founded sometime before the mid-7th c. on the banks of the Eure below the
Gallo-roman/Merovingian city,
http://ariadne.org/cc/abbeys/st-peter/st-peter-eure.jpg
the Benedictine house of St. Peter was "Envahi à main armée et pillé par
l’évêque batailleur Hélie (840-46), dévasté une première fois par les
Normands en 857...restauré par l’évêque Gislebert vers 860. Détruit lors
d’un retour des Normands en 911, il fut relevé par l’évêque Aganon qui
y mit, vers 930, des clercs séculiers. L’évêque Ragenfroy envoya leur
supérieur, Alveus, à Fleury, où il s’initia à la vie monastique et
d’où il revint, en 954, avec un groupe de moines bénédictins." [>Yves
Delaporte, "Chartres" in the Dictionnaire d'histoire et géographie
écclesiatique, VIII, c. 560.]
it was taken over by the Congregation de Saint-Maur in 1650, who rebuilt its
most of its conventual buildings (which still largely survive as a high
school) --some remains of the 12th and 13th c. cloister can still be seen,
however.
the size and importance of the abbey of the high middle ages can be
appreciated by this bird's eye view of 1682:
http://ariadne.org/cc/abbeys/st-peter/1682drawing.jpg
(note the round --12th c.?-- kitchen, just outside the southwest corner of the
cloister.)
the present church preserves its massive, almost "westwerk" tower (perhaps of
the 10th c., but perhaps from Fulbert's time, and surely pre-12th c.):
http://ariadne.org/cc/abbeys/st-peter/north-facade.jpg
http://ariadne.org/cc/abbeys/st-peter/west-tower.jpg
bits of 11th c. walls survive (the 3rd-6th bays east of the 13th c. portal):
http://ariadne.org/cc/abbeys/st-peter/nave-ext-north.jpg
as does the *lower* level of a very nice choir,
http://ariadne.org/cc/abbeys/st-peter/southsideaisle.jpg
http://ariadne.org/cc/abbeys/st-peter/choir-elev.jpg
with ambulatory chapels, of the early-mid-12th c.:
http://ariadne.org/cc/abbeys/st-peter/st-peter-samb.jpg
http://ariadne.org/cc/abbeys/st-peter/chevet.jpg
the two upper elements of the elevation --triforium and clerestory-- were
built (or re-built?) in the middle-late decades of the 13th c., starting with
the western bays, the bays of the choir sporting a quite nice glazed
triforium:
http://ariadne.org/cc/abbeys/st-peter/choir.jpg
a fair amount of 13th c. stained glass survives from the upper levels of the
choir --see:
Meredith P. Lillich, The stained glass of Saint-Père de Chartres. Middletown,
Conn.: Wesleyan University Press, 1978.
the architectural style here is (esp. in the beginning) clearly derived from
that of the "High Gothic" cathedral, just up the hill, traces of which can
also be seen on surviving village churches throughout the nearby region, most
notably at Gallardon (a priory of Marmoutier):
http://ariadne.org/cc/gallardon/apse-north.jpg
http://ariadne.org/cc/gallardon/choir-north.jpg
http://ariadne.org/cc/gallardon/choir-elev3.jpg
http://ariadne.org/cc/gallardon/apse-ambul.jpg
http://ariadne.org/cc/gallardon/apse-chaps.jpg
> This illumination by André of Saint-Mesmin de Mici (Chartres, Bibliothèque
municipale, ms. nouv. acq. 4, fol. 94r) for F.'s memorial inserted in the
cathedral martyrology is variously thought to depict him delivering a sermon
either at his new cathedral or at Saint-Père:
> http://tinyurl.com/c76zb3
> In this image of what is said to be a page of a manuscript (a formulation
that could lead one to think that it's not an image of a reproduction), the
illumination has been remarkably restored:
> http://cathedrale.chartres.free.fr/ig01.htm
the context of that page notwithstanding, that image looks to me to be the
lithographic reproduction published as a frontispiece to the publication of
this important ms.
René Merlet and l'Abbé Clerval, Un manuscrit chartrain du XIe siècle.
Chartres: Garnier, 1893.
> Did you know that Fulbert of Chartres ringtones are available?
no.
no, i didn't.
learn something new every day, is my motto.
whether you want to or not.
c
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