Dear Danielle,
Thank for starting a wonderfully useful thread.
I would like to make a small suggestion: Concerning analytical methods, in
my view the method of Conversation Analysis (CA) is extremely useful to
study designing. I used it to study teacher-student interaction in the
design studio, and found it effective to interpret what happens during
teacher-student talks.
In short, CA is the study of naturally occurring talk; which means one of
the precepts of CA is that the study of talk should take place in its
*natural* occurring context. I think design research needs more studies
based on real-context observations and case studies (in professional and
academic design studios for instance).
From my experience with CA, the method is useful to uncover how
participants in a conversation generate meaning by interpreting,
understanding, and responding to one another in their turns at talk. It is
a very simple mechanism in which the next-turn clarifies how the previous
turn was interpreted by the participants. In other words, during a
conversation person A states something and person B responds, in the
response we may find evidence and clues of how person B interpreted what
person A said. Thus, the shared understanding, interpretation, and
meaning-making that emerges between participants can be analysed by
sequentially considering how a person follows up on what the other has said.
Arlene Oak used CA in an interesting study reported in the 2011 Design
Studies paper “What can talk tell us about design?: Analyzing conversation
to understand practice.”
If you have the time, Harvey Sacks' "Lectures on Conversation" makes for a
1500+ page monumental but wonderful read.
Also, I’ll mention en passant that I find that Conversation Analysis works
well with the already mentioned Grounded Theory approach.
Looking forward to see where this mapping of methods will lead you.
Hutchby, I., & Wooffitt, R. (1998). *Conversation Analysis: Principles,
Practices and Applications*. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers.
Oak, A. (2011). What can talk tell us about design?: Analyzing conversation
to understand practice. *Design Studies, 32*(3), 211–234.
Sacks, H., & Jefferson, G. (1995). *Lectures on Conversation*. (G.
Jefferson, Ed.). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers.
Sacks, H., Schegloff, E. A., & Jefferson, G. (1974). *A simplest
systematics for the organization of turn-taking for conversation. Language,
50*(4), 696–735.
João Ferreira
REDES - Research & Education in Design
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, CIAUD
00351 967 089 437
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