medieval-religion: Scholarly discussions of medieval religion and culture
Some further images of St Joseph of Arimathea:
Twycross, St James, Leicestershire, east window, panel originally in the Passion window in Bay H of the Sainte Chapelle, Paris, c.1245:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/22274117@N08/2198755430
and detail:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/22274117@N08/2365561815
Croughton, All Saints, Northamptonshire, nave north wall, Descent from the Cross wall painting, early 14thC.:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/22274117@N08/2937011873
and detail of heads:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/22274117@N08/2936980975
Lichfield Cathedral, Staffordshire, sIV, 2b, Descent from the Cross, originally from Herkenrode Abbey in Belgium. 1532-39:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/22274117@N08/15294316410
Langport, All Saints, Somerset, east window, 2e-3e, 15thC.:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/22274117@N08/2552016934
and detail:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/22274117@N08/2551195359
Shrewsbury, St Mary, Trinity Chapel, window from St Jacques Liège c.1535:
Though this originally was part of a Trinity and the incumbent, feeling it was improper to represent God, hadt a turban put in place of the top of God's head and the Dove of the Holy Spirit was moved to a tracery light in the window! So a made-up representation of Joseph, but interesting historically nevertheless!
https://www.flickr.com/photos/22274117@N08/3180707818
and detail of centre panel:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/22274117@N08/3180711922
Gordon Plumb
-----Original Message-----
From: John Dillon <[log in to unmask]>
To: MEDIEVAL-RELIGION <[log in to unmask]>
Sent: Tue, 1 Sep 2015 0:13
Subject: [M-R] FEAST - A pair of saints for the day (August 31): Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus
medieval-religion: Scholarly discussions of medieval religion and culture
In
the Roman Martyrology 31. August is now the day of commemoration of Joseph of
Arimathea and Nicodemus (d. 1st cent.). These two Gospel figures were
remembered in medieval Christianity primarily for their roles in the recovery of
Jesus' body after the Crucifixion and its subsequent entombment. Starting at
least with the Gospel of Nicodemus their acta were enlarged and embroidered
upon. By the tenth century there was an Eastern tradition, preserved in a text
in Georgian said to have been translated from Syriac, that Joseph of Arimathea
was the founder of the church of Lydda. In the later Middle Ages he was reputed
to have arrived in Provence with Lazarus, Martha, and Mary and to have gone on
to evangelize in, depending on what text one is reading, parts of today's
France, Spain, Portugal, or England. Nicodemus, who was said to to have
removed the crucifixion nails from Jesus' body, was credited legendarily with
the creation of that famous crucifix, the Holy Face (Volto Santo) of Lucca. In
the legends of the Finding of St. Stephen Protomartyr, Nicodemus is said to have
been buried by Gamaliel in Stephen's secret grave, into which were also placed
Gamaliel's son Abibus and, when his time came, Gamaliel himself. Liturgical
commemoration on 2. or 3. August of this supposed discovery insured Nicodemus'
ongoing if not entirely robust construction as a saint in both the Eastern and
Western Middle Ages.
Some visuals:
a) In the Church of the Holy Sepulcher
in Jerusalem, the Stone of Anointing on which Joseph of Arimathea is said to
have prepared Jesus' body for
burial:
http://tinyurl.com/6mdmp6
http://tinyurl.com/68p8a5
b) The
so-called Tomb of Joseph of Arimathea (rock-cut grave shafts) in the Church of
the Holy Sepulcher in
Jerusalem:
http://tinyurl.com/3yyofvb
http://198.62.75.1/www1/jhs/JHS-arimath-a.jpg
http://tinyurl.com/5oukb4
c)
The Holy Face / Volto Santo of Lucca (late eleventh-century, with subsequent
adornments):
https://c1.staticflickr.com/3/2621/4192466265_f8599d903e_b.jpg
http://tinyurl.com/qh9dqmx
Some
medieval images of Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus:
d) Joseph of Arimathea
(holding Jesus) and Nicodemus (lower right, with forceps and vessel) at the
Entombment as depicted in the late eleventh- or early twelfth-century so-called
Gospels of Matilda of Canossa in the Museo diocesano d'arte sacra e benedettino
at Nonantola (MO) in Emilia-Romagna:
http://tinyurl.com/5fmht6
e) Joseph of
Arimathea and Nicodemus as depicted in two panels of the mid-twelfth-century
Passion of Christ window (1145-1155) in the cathedral of Notre-Dame at
Chartres:
1) Joseph of Arimathea (center, holding Jesus) and Nicodemus (lower
right, with forceps) at the Deposition:
http://tinyurl.com/nhkfxas
2) Joseph
of Arimathea (middle register, far left) and Nicodemus (middle register, far
right) at the Entombment:
http://tinyurl.com/qxhay7k
f) Joseph of Arimathea
(on ladder, holding Jesus) and Nicodemus (at lower right, with forceps and
vessel) as depicted in a later twelfth-century fresco of the Deposition from the
Cross (ca. 1164) in the north chapel of the church of St. Panteleimon
(Pantaleon) at Gorno Nerezi (Skopje municipality) in the Former Yugoslav
Republic of
Macedonia:
https://plus.google.com/photos/110067756467697073060/albums/5249084478545217697/5249088925958265666?pid=5249088925958265666&oid=110067756467697073060
g)
Joseph of Arimathea (holding Jesus) and Nicodemus (on the ladder) as portrayed
in Benedetto Antelami's later twelfth-century relief of the Deposition from the
Cross (ca. 1178) in the cathedral of
Parma:
http://www.shakespeareinitaly.it/deposizione.JPG
Detail
view:
http://tinyurl.com/p5e4wje
h) Joseph of Arimathea (lower right, asking
Pilate for Jesus' body) as depicted in the late twelfth-century Navarre Picture
Bible (1197; Amiens, Bibliothèque Louis Aragon, ms. 108, fol.
189v):
http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/Wave/savimage/enlumine/irht3/IRHT_060259-p.jpg
i)
Joseph of Arimathea (holding Jesus) and Nicodemus (at the foot of the Cross) as
depicted by Enrico di Tedice in a later thirteenth-century panel painting
(1260s) in the Museo nazionale di San Martino,
Pisa:
http://tinyurl.com/ntbnz63
j) Nicodemus (in the illumination in the
right-hand column; at the invention of Stephen, Gamaliel, Nicodemus, and Abibo)
as depicted in a late thirteenth-century copy of French origin of the _Legenda
aurea_ (San Marino, CA, Huntington Library, ms. HM 3027, fol. 90r; image
expandable):
http://tinyurl.com/24lqdjl
k) Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus
as depicted by Pietro Lorenzetti in two earlier fourteenth-century frescoes (ca.
1320) in the lower church of the basilica di San Francesco, Assisi:
1)
Joseph of Arimathea (center left) and Nicodemus (right, with forceps) at the
Deposition:
http://www.wga.hu/art/l/lorenzet/pietro/1/3arch/3deposit.jpg
2)
Joseph of Arimathea (at left) and Nicodemus (center right) at the
Entombment:
http://www.wga.hu/art/l/lorenzet/pietro/1/3arch/4entomb.jpg
l)
Four scenes, in three different different locations, in the earlier
fourteenth-century frescoes (betw. 1335 and 1350) of the church of the Holy
Ascension at the Visoki Dečani monastery near Peć in, depending on one's view of
the matter, either the Republic of Kosovo or Serbia's province of Kosovo and
Metohija
1) Joseph of Arimathea (at right) asking Pilate for Jesus'
body:
http://tinyurl.com/26gxvo7
2) Joseph of Arimathea (at left) and
Nicodemus at upper right (the smaller figure at lower right is presumably an
assistant) at the Deposition:
http://tinyurl.com/3958drl
3) Nicodemus (rear
left) and Joseph of Arimathea (rear right) in the
Lamentation:
http://tinyurl.com/22sr5f7
Detail
view:
http://tinyurl.com/2e9jnjx
4) Nicodemus (center left) and Joseph of
Arimathea (center right) carrying Jesus at the
Entombment:
http://tinyurl.com/277poab
Detail
view:
http://tinyurl.com/275xzac
m) Nicodemus (nimbed) along with the also
nimbed Gamaliel, Stephen, and Abibus in their uncovered grave at the Finding of
Stephen as depicted by Bernardo Daddi (attrib.) in one of his
mid-fourteenth-century predella paintings devoted to St. Stephen (ca. 1345) in
the Pinacoteca Vaticana (from the point of view of the clerical discoverers
Nicodemus is probably the first or the third corpse from left, as the one
between these is clearly identifiable by vestment as the presumed deacon Stephen
and the relatively youthful corpse at far right will be
Abibus):
http://www.atlantedellarteitaliana.it/immagine/00023/15329OP368AU24434.jpg
For
a different identification of the four nimbed corpses, see this from the Musei
Vaticani, where the painting is titled the Ritrovamento dei corpi dei Santi
Luciano (the person to whom the long-dead Gamaliel had appeared in a revelatory
dream and thus one of those involved in the Finding), Abibo, Nicodemo, and
Stefano:
http://mv.vatican.va/2_IT/pages/PIN/PIN_Sala01_04.html
n) Joseph of
Arimathea (at left) and Nicodemus holding Jesus' body as depicted in Rogier van
der Weyden's earlier fifteenth-century Deposition Altar (ca. 1435) in the Museo
del Prado,
Madrid:
http://www.wga.hu/art/w/weyden/rogier/01deposi/1deposit.jpg
Detail
views:
http://www.wga.hu/art/w/weyden/rogier/01deposi/1deposix.jpg
http://www.abcgallery.com/W/weyden/weyden5.html
o)
Joseph of Arimathea (behind Jesus) and Nicodemus (at Jesus' left) as depicted by
Hugo van der Goes in a later fifteenth-century panel painting of the Lamentation
(ca. 1470) in the Kunsthistorisches Museum in
Vienna:
http://tinyurl.com/65mlog
p) Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus as
depicted by Simon Marmion in a later fifteenth-century panel painting of the
Lamentation (early 1470s) in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New
York:
http://tinyurl.com/6n5zax
http://tinyurl.com/6jktlv
q) Joseph of
Arimathea (top center) and Nicodemus (center right, with vessel) as depicted in
a late fifteenth-century icon in the State Tretyakov Gallery,
Moscow:
http://www.icon-art.info/masterpiece.php?lng=en&mst_id=368
r)
Nicodemus (at left) and Joseph of Arimathea (at right) as portrayed in a late
fifteenth-century polychromed wooden sculpture of the Entombment (ca. 1485) in
the abbaye Saint-Pierre at
Moissac:
https://c2.staticflickr.com/4/3892/14752312190_3bccd0d494_b.jpg
Best,
John
Dillon
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