Dear Ken:
As always my deep thank you, for taking your time solving my queries
(teachign me a lot by the way). Anyway it challenges me to know when we
start living the ilusion of a unified design field? There is such a thing?
For me there are several histories mixed here. It seems to me that In my
country (Colombia) is easy to establish the facts: ours at Caldas
University in the city of Manizales, until where I can know and understand,
being the first PhD degree course with the name of 'design' in it (starting
in 2010).
Of course the documents you have sent to me, would be helpfulI (I will be
reviewing them thoroughly, as everything you write=. And I comprehend your
point, but i don't want, despite how clumsy of my question, setting limits
to the answers. I am elaborating here in the distinction made by Bruce
Archer between the way a lexicographer and a mathematician think about
language (in this case the word 'design' in a PhD Degree title); the same
example was used by Victor Margolin in his article' "*Doctoral education
in design problems and prospects*" :“The lexicographer,” says Archer,
(quoted by Margolin): “attempts to discover the meaning of words and
phrases on the basis of the ways in which the words and phrases are
actually used and meant by the community concerned."
Well, according to your enlightening answer there are several fields of
design and not just one (and I agree), but anyway this list for instance
gives them all a certain sense of unity... why then? What unites them? what
is it that unites here all these, or at least several, types of design?
Perhaps here I am thinking,in the more general sense of the word 'design'
(in an academic title), because as Jose Luis Ramírez wrote: "A design
theory that, to be theory, can't be able itself to be independent of all
particular types of object, could be a theory of design of these objects,
but not, for sure, a general theory of design.
My point is that in some moment of the history, the word 'design' started
to be used in the name of some doctoral degrees (or in several moments
indeed, with accents, and nuances, depending of the countries and fields
and institutions that granted the titles). There was, therefore, one
beginning but many.
Initially perhaps these schools were not properly of design fields (because
design, perhaps comes more from a polytechnic tradition than from a
university tradition, this according to my understanding of your article:
Curriculum Design Challenges for today's university), but eventually some
of them were.
True, there are schools of design that does not give a title with the word
"design" in it, while, as you say, sometimes titles that do carry such a
word are granted in other fields. But when and where then, it was judged
that the design professions could be a separate field as mature as to grant
doctoral degree who were carrying such a name? When started in the academic
fields of design, the doctorate dimension to be an 'inside'?
And further, why schools outside design (or even prior to its existence)
fields, began to use the same word to name their doctoral degrees? (Of
course with all the contextual particularities of each case. Meet several
versions about it's what I want).
Yours, Alfredo
References:
Archer, Bruce (s.f.) A View of the Nature of Design Research, Department of
Design Research, Royal College of Arts, London. Pp. 30-47.
Friedman, Ken (2002). "Design curriculum challenges for today's university"
in: Davies, A (ed.) *Enhancing Curricula: exploring effective curriculum
practices in art, design and communication in Higher Education *CLTAD 1o.
International conference 2002. Centre for Learning and Teaching in Art and
Design, University of the Arts London, pp. 27-63
Margolin, Victor (2010). "Doctoral Education in Design: Problems and
Prospects" in *Design Issues*: Volume 26, Number 3 Summer 2010
Ramírez, José Luis (1997) "La teoría del diseño y el diseño de la teoría"
en *Astrágalo - Cultura de la Arquitectura y Ciudad*, núm. 6
Cheers.
https://utadeo.academia.edu/AlfredoGuti%C3%A9rrez
*Alfredo Gutiérrez Borrero*
*PhD student, Doctorate Design and Creation University of Caldas ,
Manizalez, Colombia
PROFESOR ASOCIADO II
*PROGRAMA DE DISENO INDUSTRIAL
PBX:2427030 ext 1739
[log in to unmask]
Colombia
On Wed, Apr 15, 2015 at 1:47 AM, Ken Friedman <[log in to unmask]
> wrote:
> Dear Alfredo,
>
> Your questions about doctoral programs and doctoral students are
> interesting. These involve several different answers. The answers depend on
> your precise definitions of the terms. There is no way to answer your
> question without three clear definitions. It is necessary to define 1) what
> you mean by the term “design,” 2) what you mean by the term “Ph.D.” and 3)
> what you mean by a “Ph.D. in design.”
>
> There are a number of Ph.D. degrees in various fields of design practice
> and design studies. But the first Ph.D. degrees in design predate most of
> these because several design fields do not award a Ph.D. within a program
> labeled “design.” One of the oldest design fields for doctoral research is
> organisation design. You can earn a Ph.D. in organisation design in
> management, business, political science, economics, sociology,
> anthropology, and in some of the social sciences. The Ph.D. in engineering
> design is awarded in engineering. The Ph.D. in curriculum design is awarded
> in education, or it may be awarded as an Ed.D.
>
> There are also Ph.D. awards outside design in different fields of design
> studies or fields allied to design. These include Ph.D. degrees in design
> history that may be awarded as art history or architecture history, Ph.D.
> in philosophy of design or philosophy of science that may be awarded in
> philosophy, and other degrees that may be awarded in psychology, cognitive
> science, linguistics, neuroscience, or others. There is also the case that
> people have considered general design, design process, and design thinking
> in degrees from all these kinds of programs. For examples of the scope and
> differences in Ph.D. awards in thesis titles between 1999 and 2001, see the
> proposal for a School of Design at the University of California Irvine
> (2002: 85-106. A copy of the full report appears in the Teaching Documents
> section of my Academia.edu page:
>
> https://swinburne.academia.edu/KenFriedman
>
> The degree designation for a doctorate may vary. Laws in some nations
> regulate the award designation according to the discipline of the
> university. In some nations, therefore, there may be no Ph.D. in design.
> Instead, the comparable degree may be awarded as Dr.Tech, D.A., D.Arch.,
> D.Eng, D.B.A., or another degree, depending on the design field involved.
>
> Another question is the issue of what it means to award or to earn a Ph.D.
> Standards differ extensively by nation and by field. In nations where major
> accrediting agencies govern the right to award a Ph.D., standards tend to
> be similar across all fields. This is the case in North America, where
> similar basic requirements cover all Ph.D. awards regardless of field.
>
> In nations that permit universities to self-accredit, standards may vary
> extensively from field to field. A university with strong research programs
> in medicine and physics will have one standard in those fields, while the
> Ph.D. in design may be weak. This is especially the situation in nations
> where the government pays universities for the number of students who
> complete a Ph.D. degree within a three-year time limit without evaluating
> program quality or standards as the North American accreditation bodies do.
> For a discussion of some specific differences, see my paper on “Writing for
> the Ph.D. in Art and Design” (Friedman 2014: pp. 4-8). A copy appears on my
> Academia.edu page in the PhD training, skills, and supervision section:
>
> https://swinburne.academia.edu/KenFriedman
>
> There are many differences between different Ph.D. programs around the
> world. Explaining these differences and considering quality is a very
> different question than simply asking about the degree title and the name
> of the department that awarded it.
>
> To answer your question, therefore, you must: 1) Define what you mean by
> design and the design fields you intend to cover in your questions. 2)
> Define what you mean by a Ph.D. You must also decide whether to include
> similar degrees with other designated titles. You must also 3) define what
> you mean by “Ph.D. in design.”
>
> Yours,
>
> Ken
>
> Ken Friedman, PhD, DSc (hc), FDRS | Editor-in-Chief | 设计 She Ji. The
> Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation | Published by Elsevier in
> Cooperation with Tongji University Press | Launching in 2015
>
> Chair Professor of Design Innovation Studies | College of Design and
> Innovation | Tongji University | Shanghai, China ||| University
> Distinguished Professor | Centre for Design Innovation | Swinburne
> University of Technology | Melbourne, Australia
>
> Email [log in to unmask] | Academia
> http://swinburne.academia.edu/KenFriedman | D&I http://tjdi.tongji.edu.cn
>
>
> —
>
> References
>
> Friedman, Ken. 2014. Writing for the PhD in Art and Design. Issues for
> Research Supervisors and Research Students. A Research Skills Working
> Paper. Melbourne, Australia: Centre for Design Innovation, Swinburne
> University of Technology. Available at URL:
>
> https://swinburne.academia.edu/KenFriedman
>
> University of California, Irvine. 2002. Proposal for a School of Design at
> the University of California, Irvine. Irvine, California: University of
> California, Irvine. Available at URL:
>
> https://swinburne.academia.edu/KenFriedman
>
> --
>
> Alfredo Guttierrez Borrero wrote:
>
> —snip—
>
> Hi, perhaps some of you could have information on this subject: what was
> the first doctoral program in the field of design specifically that opened
> in the world? And in which institution, city and country? Which is the one
> with more years today? Which are the oldest ones yet functioning by
> country? I've been reviewing some documents and proceedings of the meetings
> on Doctoral Education in Design (Ohio, La Clusaz, Tsukuba) but shame on me!
> I can't find some accurate assumptions in such a point... by the way, here
>
>
> http://www.uic.edu/depts/lib/specialcoll/services/lhsc/ead/006-04-20-01b.html
>
> is stated that: "In 1981, Margolin (Victor) earned his PhD in design
> history at the Union Institute in Cincinnati, OH. According to Margolin,
> this was the first doctorate in the history of design ever conferred in the
> United States" this made me ask to myself, who was the first person in the
> world on receiving a doctoral degree title on a program specifically
> dedicated to the design's field? And in which program, university, city and
> country were enrolled the first doctoral students in design?
>
> I suppose that this issues has been previously discussed here and perhaps
> Keith, or Ken, or David, or Klaus, amongst many others. could have some
> refreshing answers on the matter (I have tried to look for that on this
> list archives but alas in vain too)... Methinks there will surely be
> different views and title contenders, many nuances and accents, but having
> some kind of idea of this fate mapping and of the very early first programs
> and pioneer students and PhD degree title receivers in each region of the
> world (from the beginning and the earliest ones), at least for me as a PhD
> student in design and creation, and sure for many, present and future
> colleagues in the field and world could be very useful.
>
> —snip—
>
>
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