Dear Nicolai,
Your example is from Charles Peirce (Collected papers 2.623). His wording
is:
-----------
Fact: these beans are white
Rule: all the beans from this bag are white
Case: these beans are from this bag
-----------
A good example of abductive reasoning is found in François Voltaire
(1747): Zadig, the third chapter
(I tried to insert a quote from Voltaire here, but a got a mail in return
telling me my mail had been blocked "Because it may contain unacceptable
language, or inappropriate material". You have to read Voltaire on your
own risk).
I recommend:
Umberto Eco & Thomas Sebeok (eds.): Dupin, Holmes, Peirce. The Sign of the
Three
As food for thought
Best
Rolf
-----------------
Rolf Johansson
Architect SAR/MSA, Dr.
Professor in Landscape Architecture Design Theory
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)
Department of Urban and Rural Development
Unit of Landscape Architecture
--------------------
Den 2015-02-10 21.22 skrev Nicolai Steinø <[log in to unmask]>:
>Dear all,
>
>Some years back I did an urban design workshop with Thai and Danish BSc
>students at Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok. I used the example below
>to explain abduction, as opposed to deduction and induction. I find the
>example useful because it explains the difference by the order of a rule,
>a case and a result, respectively.
>
>Unfortunately I no longer remember where I got it from.
>
>Best,
>
>Nic
>
>--
>
>Research approach
>
>American pragmatist philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce
>
>Deduction (necessary inferences)
>
>Rule All thai people have dark hair
>Case All the people we have met are thai
>Result Therefore, all people we have met have dark hair
>
>Induction (probable inferences)
>
>Result All people we have met have dark hair
>Case All the people we have met are thai
>Rule Therefore, all thai people have dark hair
>
>Abduction (hypotheses)
>
>Rule All thai people have dark hair
>Result All people we have met have dark hair
>Case Therefore, all the people we have met are thai
>
>Pros and cons of abduction
>
>Does not rely on strong theory building
>Does not rely on large samples
>Requires a capacity for making 'hunches'
>The validity of the conclusion relies on the quality of the hunch
>
>
>
>NICOLAI STEINØ
>Associate Professor, PhD, GDBA
>
>AALBORG UNIVERSITY
>DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, DESIGN and MEDIA TECHNOLOGY
>Rendsborggade 14 · DK - 9000 AALBORG
>
>Office: 6.330a
>Office hours: By appointment only
>
>TEL: (+45) 99 40 71 36
>CELL: (+45) 28 76 06 98
>
>eMail:
>[log in to unmask]<applewebdata://D7BC17ED-62C9-4655-92DC-366322E4E887/s
>[log in to unmask]>
>Staff profile: http://personprofil.aau.dk/Profil/107588?languageId=1
>Homepage: http://homes.create.aau.dk/steino
>Blog: http://steino.wordpress.com
>Academia:
>http://aalborg.academia.edu/NicolaiSteinø<http://aalborg.academia.edu/Nico
>laiStein%C3%B8>
>
>
>
>Den 10/02/2015 kl. 20.29 skrev Ken Friedman
><[log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>>:
>
>Dear Terry and all,
>
>Abduction is essentially a mode of forming hypotheses. Technically,
>abduction is “inference to best explanation.” This entails many issues —
>with room for debate. The Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy offers an
>excellent article on abduction, with a good reference list and sources of
>additional information:
>
>http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/abduction/
>
>While C. S. Peirce wrote at length on abduction, he was not the first to
>do so earlier or since. The phenomenon has long been described in
>different ways. The crucial issue is that abduction is a logic of
>discovery. Abductive inference is not a logic of proof — one requires
>other means to determine the validity or facticity of abductive inference.
>
>This is why abduction is one method of hypothesis formation. Generating
>hypotheses is a necessary step in discovery, but for everything human
>beings have learned, there have been more false or incorrect hypotheses
>than true or correct hypotheses.
>
>In recent articles and reports, I have seen the incorrect assertion that
>scientific research makes use of induction and deduction while design
>research makes use of abduction. This is incorrect. Scientists use
>abduction to form hypotheses, and researchers in all fields require
>induction and deduction — as well as experiment and observation — to
>choose among hypotheses.
>
>Peirce and others treat abduction as a way of knowing, but not as a way
>of validating the knowledge. This requires other methods.
>
>For those who wish to read further, I have a DropBox collection of
>articles on abduction in PDF format. If you wish access to the
>collection, send me an off-list email and I will be happy to grant access
>to the collection.
>
>Regards,
>
>Ken
>
>Ken Friedman, PhD, DSc (hc), FDRS | Editor-in-Chief | 设计 She Ji. The
>Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation | Published by Elsevier in
>Cooperation with Tongji University Press | Launching in 2015
>
>Chair Professor of Design Innovation Studies | College of Design and
>Innovation | Tongji University | Shanghai, China ||| University
>Distinguished Professor | Centre for Design Innovation | Swinburne
>University of Technology | Melbourne, Australia
>
>Email [log in to unmask] | Academia
>http://swinburne.academia.edu/KenFriedman | D&I http://tjdi.tongji.edu.cn
>
>
>
>
>
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