medieval-religion: Scholarly discussions of medieval religion and culture
You might look in Rosemary Muir Wright, Art and Antichrist i9n Medieval
Europe, Manchester UP, 1995. Pp.36-7 have remarks on Muhammad be4ing
identified as a type of Antichrist (by Alvarus of Cordóba) and a ninth
century life of the4 Prophet uses the alleged death date of 666 as a
sign that he was the Apocalyptic beast of Rev. 11.11.
Gordon Plumb
-----Original Message-----
From: Maureen Tilley <[log in to unmask]>
To: MEDIEVAL-RELIGION <[log in to unmask]>
Sent: Sun, 2 Nov 2014 3:31
Subject: Re: [M-R] Help: Mark of the Beast
medieval-religion: Scholarly discussions of medieval religion and
cultureAnother source on the Antichrist is the North African Liber
Genealogicus in Mommsen's MGH Auctores Anitquissini, vol. 9 Chronica
Minora Saec. IV. V. Vi. VII. In the various editions over time the
identity of the Antichrist is changed. As Geiseric is approaching
Carthage where the chronicle is written, he is the Antichrist. When he
is occupying Carthage, the chronicle entry is changed. Perhaps some
secondary literature on the Liber will be helpful but I don't have
anything at hand.
On Sat, Nov 1, 2014 at 10:56 AM, Robert Kraft
<[log in to unmask]> wrote:
medieval-religion: Scholarly discussions of medieval religion and
culture OK. I could use some help from the
medievalists and byzantinists -- or whomever. I'm trying to
explore pre-reformation interpretations of the "mark of the beast"
(the number 666, or the variant 616), from Revelation 13. In his
classic study of "Antichrist" traditions, Bousset is content to
accept the old historical identification of Nero, but many other
identifications have been offered over the centuries (before much
Protestant polemics pointed to the Papacy in various forms). There
is some help from online searches (e.g. Wiki articles), especially
on the early period and the spate of anti-Muslim applications, but
I haven't yet found much on medieval (broadly speaking)
commentators, especially those writing in Latin and Greek and
Syriac. The works that I have seen on commentaries (e.g. Francis
X. Gumerlock, Patristic Commentaries on Revelation [online] "third
through eighth centuries") tend not to address the "666/616"
problem directly. I haven't yet checked the following:
E. Ann Matter, “The Apocalypse in Early Medieval
Exegesis,” and John Williams, “The Apocalypse Commentary of
Beatus of Liébana,” in Emmerson and McGinn, eds., The Apocalypse
in the Middle Ages (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press,
1993), 38-50, 217-33; Emmerson, Antichrist in the Middle Ages
(Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1981); Bernard McGinn,
Visions of the End: Apocalyptic Traditions in the Middle
Ages, 2nd ed. (New York: Columbia University Press, 1999).
Am I missing anything obvious in the secondary
literature? I do have a list of "patristic" texts and authors to
check (e.g. I'm told that Hippolytus, Pseudo-Ephraem,
Pseudo-Epiphanius, Isidore of Seville (d. 635), and Bede all
interpreted Revelation 11-13 in their writings about Antichrist,
and that In the second half of the sixth century or in
the seventh century, an anonymous author wrote De monogramma
[Roger Gryson, ed. CCSL 107:146-57], an explanation of the
number of the beast in Revelation 13:18), but more such
references would be welcome. I'll be happy to share the results
with anyone interested.
Thanks.
Bob Kraft, Emeritus UPenn
On 10/29/2014 8:16 PM, George Ferzoco wrote:
I used to say it regularly to the list, but perhaps I should
do so again: if any of you is facing any difficulties with research,
ask the rest of us; given our numbers and our expertise, I think it's
likely that help is not far away.Thanks again, Al -- best wishes,
George
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Maureen A. Tilley
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Fordham University
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Telephone: (212) 636-6369
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