Hi Pam!
I was wondering if you discuss the possibility of equine wobbler syndrome,
cervical vertebral malformation (CVM), in your case study?
Best regards,
Ylva Telldahl
On Wed, 4 Sep 2013 12:59:53 -0400, Pam Cross <[log in to unmask]> wrote:
> Hi all
>
> I have an unusual specimen which I am writing up for a journal article:
> an
> equid with 8 distinct cervical vertebra.
>
> I am looking for references to discuss this developmental anomaly. My
> research indicates that while vertebral malformation is not uncommon, it
> usually
> involves lack of development or fusion, occasionally pseudo ribs. Many
> anomalies appear in transitional Morphology areas, usually: C-T, mid T
> (morph
> change), T-L, L-S, S-C. In terms of morph. changes, I suppose that
C1-C2,
> C2-C3 can also be considered such transitional areas. I have found
> references regarding malformation/fusion issues between the body and
> dens, but this
> appears to be a C2 which has developed as two more or less 'complete'
> separate vertebrae.
>
> The remaining spinal morphology looks essentially normal except for
minor
> malformation of the caudal 1 and 2 which appear somewhat sacralized but
> are
> not fused to the sacrum.
>
> Any references or examples of similar development...
> comments/discussion/refs on etiology are much appreciated!
>
> Photos posted on academia: http://bradford.academia.edu/PamCross
>
>
>
> Pamela J Cross
> PhD researcher, Bioarchaeology
> Horses of Men & Gods project (AHRC, NT & MoL)
> Archaeological Sciences, University of Bradford, BD7 1DP UK
> p.j.cross (at) student.bradford.ac.uk / pajx (at) aol.com
> http://www.barc.brad.ac.uk/resstud_Cross.php
> http://bradford.academia.edu/PamCross
>
>
>
>
> While looking for refs I came across these 3 articles - which I'm happy
to
>
> share off-list:
>
> GALIS, F.; 1999; Why do almost all mammals have seven cervical
vertebrae?
> Developmental constraints, Hox genes, and cancer; Journal of
Experimental
> Zoology; 285(1): 19-26.
> NARITA, Y. & KURATANI, S.; 2005; Evolution of the Vertebral Formulae in
> Mammals: A Perspective on Developmental Constraints; JOURNAL OF
> EXPERIMENTAL
> ZOOLOGY (MOL DEV EVOL); 304(B): 91–106.
> BUCHHOLTZ, E. A. & STEPIEN, C. C.; 2009; Anatomical transformation in
> mammals: developmental origin of aberrant cervical anatomy in tree
> sloths;
> EVOLUTION & DEVELOPMENT; 11(1): 69-79.
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