medieval-religion: Scholarly discussions of medieval religion and culture
23. October is also, though not in the Roman rite, the feast day of:
1) James the Just (d. 62?). This J. is the martyred bishop of Jerusalem also called James, Brother of the Lord (cf. esp. Eusebius, _Historia ecclesiastica_, 2. 1. 2 and 2. 23. 1-25) whom Eastern-rite churches, following some early Christians -- most notably St. Hegesippus --, decline to identify with James the son of Alphaeus. Western-rite churches, following St. Jerome, usually consider James the Just and James the son of Alphaeus to be one and the same and celebrate him in early May as James the Less(er). In the (pseudo-)Hieronymian Martyrology James, Brother of the Lord is entered under 25. April. Orthodox churches and Eastern-rite churches in communion with Rome instead celebrate James, Brother of God (or of Christ / of Jesus) in chiefly in the fall (usually on 23. October but on 9. October in the Maronite church).
Herewith a few visuals for James, Brother of God:
J. as depicted in a late thirteenth- or very early fourteenth-century fresco, attributed to Manuel Panselinos, in the Protaton church on Mt. Athos:
http://tinyurl.com/ykkjer4
J. as depicted in an earlier fourteenth-century fresco (betw. ca. 1313 and ca. 1320) in the nave in the King's Church (dedicated to Sts. Joachim and Anne) at the Studenica monastery near Kraljevo (Raška district) in southern Serbia:
http://tinyurl.com/28hez3r
http://tinyurl.com/2alvgpg
J. as depicted in an earlier fourteenth-century fresco (betw. ca. 1312 and 1321/1322) in the parecclesion of St. Nicholas in the monastery church of the Theotokos at Gračanica in, depending on one's view of the matter, either Serbia's province of Kosovo and Metohija or the Republic of Kosovo:
http://tinyurl.com/yz6rjb8
http://tinyurl.com/yfvbanv
J. (center roundel) as depicted in an earlier fourteenth-century fresco (1330s) on the triumphal arch of the church of the Hodegetria in the Patriarchate of Peć at Peć in, depending on one's view of the matter, either the Republic of Kosovo or Serbia's province of Kosovo and Metohija:
http://tinyurl.com/yzarsps
J. as depicted in an October calendar portrait in the earlier fourteenth-century frescoes (betw. 1335 and 1350) of the narthex of the church of the Holy Ascension at the Visoki Dečani monastery near Peć in, depending on one's view of the matter, either the Republic of Kosovo or Serbia's province of Kosovo and Metohija:
http://tinyurl.com/yc5uxgq
J. as depicted in two early sixteenth-century frescoes (1502) by Dionisy and sons in the Virgin Nativity cathedral of the St. Ferapont Belozero (Ferapontov Belozersky) monastery at Ferapontovo in Russia's Vologda oblast:
a)http://www.dionisy.com/img/228/frag_lg.jpg
b)http://www.dionisy.com/eng/museum/116/235/index.shtml
J. as depicted in an earlier sixteenth-century fresco (1545-1546) by Theofanis Strelitzas-Bathas (a.k. a. Theophanes the Cretan) in the katholikon of the Stavronikita monastery on Mt. Athos:
http://tinyurl.com/294odxh
Best,
John Dillon
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