medieval-religion: Scholarly discussions of medieval religion and culture
Today (24. December) is the feast day of:
All the holy ancestors of Jesus Christ, son of David, son of Abraham, son of Adam, that is, the Fathers who were pleasing unto God, who were found just and who died according to the faith, and from whom Christ was born according to the flesh...
That's my translation of the bulk of the first elogium for today in in the new RM (2001; on-line Italian-language version), where previously one found an entry for the Vigil of the Nativity. Some might think that this elogium's use of exclusively masculine-gendered terminology to refer to those from whom Christ was born according to the flesh signals either an unusually weak grasp of human reproductive biology or else a studied relegation of women to a position of inferiority. Perhaps to counter such impressions, Roman Catholic dioceses in Italy call this feast a Memorial of Saints Adam and Eve and of all the holy ancestors of Jesus Christ ('Santi Adamo e Eva e tutti i santi antenati di Gesù Cristo', sometimes shortened on diocesan websites to just 'Adamo e Eva').
With that in mind, herewith some late antique and medieval images of Adam and Eve:
Paintings in Roman catacombs:
http://tinyurl.com/yauj9v
http://tinyurl.com/yexncz
http://tinyurl.com/yhpnke
Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus (fourth century), A. and E. second from left, lower register:
http://tinyurl.com/yaahak
Detail:
http://tinyurl.com/yb7ygx
Sarcophagus of Lot (fourth century), detail:
http://www.aug.edu/augusta/iconography/catacombs/adam.html
Capital relief (tenth-century), San Zeno, Verona:
http://www.thais.it/scultura/sch00449.htm
Manuscript illumination (ca. 1025-50), Canterbury (at BL, Cotton Claudius B. IV, f. 7v):
http://tinyurl.com/ych47r
Facade reliefs (Wiligelmus; 1099-1106), Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta, Modena:
http://www.valsesiascuole.it/crosior/1medioevo/chiesa59.jpg
http://tinyurl.com/ym6y6w
Details:
http://tinyurl.com/yk6co5
http://www.bramarte.it/romanico/img/scu1.jpg
http://www.bramarte.it/romanico/img/scu2.jpg
Facade reliefs (Maestro Niccolò; 1138), San Zeno, Verona (scroll down to "Creazione di Adamo"; 3 reliefs):
http://www.arte-argomenti.org/saggi/nicolo.html
Mosaic floor (1163-65), Cathedral of the Santissima Assunta, Otranto, details:
http://tinyurl.com/y63brk
http://www.torresantostefano.it/FotOtr/pages/Mosaico.htm
Capital reliefs (twelfth-century), Notre-Dame, Aubin (Aveyron):
http://eglise.aubin.chez-alice.fr/EnglishV/Chapitos.htm
Pulpit relief (ca. 1200-1220), Santa Maria Assunta, Bardone (Emilia):
http://tinyurl.com/y3zxgu
Glass window (ca. 1210), Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres:
http://tinyurl.com/y6x5h7
Manuscript illumination (ca. 1270-1290), England (in BL, MS Royal 14 B. IX):
http://tinyurl.com/ybmag8
Portal relief (after 1354), Münster, Freiburg im Breisgau:
http://www.virtuelles-freiburg.de/img/Tourbilder/Eva2.jpg
Glass windows (after 1367), St. Marienkirche, Frankfurt an der Oder, details
Betrothal of Adam and Eve:
http://tinyurl.com/yxomto
Original Sin:
http://tinyurl.com/y3o5kf
Panel paintings (Jan van Eyck, 1432), altarpiece, Cathedral of St. Bavo, Gand/Ghent, A. and E. at upper left and right, respectively:
http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/eyck/ghent/ghentopn.jpg
Manuscript illuminations (Guiard des Moulins; fifteenth-century), France (in Paris, BN, ms. français 3):
http://tinyurl.com/y22x5q
http://tinyurl.com/y5cdw5
More from the same illustrated Bible:
http://collecties.meermanno.nl/handschriften/showmanu?id=100000
Best,
John Dillon
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