Thanks to all of you for your contributions...
Of course, even in a broad historic perspective the term has always been
very elastic and of course it's quite obvious that, according to Merritt,
there was no single "american independent cinema", but many different.
The questions remains, whether the industrial criterium (independent
producing/financing and or distribution?) as a discourse (!) was dominant or
not and how dominant it was, especially during the studio era and later on -
at least in a very general or broad sense, regardless how many different
forms of independent cinema (exploitation, semi-indies, underground,
avant-garde) actually 'existed' and how 'unstable' the industrial criterium
itself is, especially with regard to semi-indies (of Walter Wanger, Samuel
Goldwyn, etc.)...
Marc
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