medieval-religion: Scholarly discussions of medieval religion and culture
Today (29. December) is the feast day of:
Trophimus the Ephesian (d. c. 65) Trophimus accompanied Paul to Jerusalem.
One legend says that he was beheaded in Rome in Nero's reign. He wasn't
actually the first bishop of Arles (see below).
Trophimus of Arles (d. c. 280) One legend says that Trophimus was sent
from Rome to be first bishop of Arles. Ever since the 5th century, though,
he has been identified with Trophimus the Ephesian (see above).
Marcellus Akimetes (d. c. 485) Marcellus was from Apamea (Syria). He
joined the Akimetes ("non-sleepers") monks, who recited the divine office
nonstop, in shifts. M. became abbot of their chief house in
Constantinople, building up the prestige of the "order." He attended the
Council of Chalcedon.
Ebrulf (Evroul) of Ouche (d. 706) Ebrulf was from Bayeux, a Frankish
courtier before he became a monk at Deux Jumeaux. Later he founded the
monastery of Ouche (later named after him) as well as some smaller
monasteries.
Albert of Gambron (7th cent.) Life at the Frankish court must have been
very stressful. Here's yet another courtier who went off and became a
hermit. Albert later founded the monastery of Gambron-sur-l'Authion.
Girald of Fontenelle (d. 1031) Girald was a monk of Lagny, then abbot of
Saint-Arnould near Chartres. He went on to reform Fontenelle in Normandy,
where he was killed by a monk who really didn't want to be reformed.
Thomas Becket (d. 1170) Or Thomas of London, as he preferred to be called,
was the son of a merchant family who became archdeacon of Canterbury,
entered the service of the new King Henry II of England, and was appointed
archbishop of Canterbury in 1162. The king soon figured out that he had
made a mistake, as Tom transformed himself into an adamant Gregorian-style
reformer and advocate of Church rights. Tom soon fled into exile,
returning in 1170, upon which he promptly excommunicated all who had
damaged Canterbury in his absence. The king saw this as a breach of their
agreement, and in a fit of rage egged four of his household knights on to
murder the archbishop---in his own cathedral. Tom was canonized in 1173,
and the fallout of his death included perpetual crusading for his
assassins, the Anglo-Norman conquest of Ireland, and a series of
concessions to the papacy, as well as Henry later agreeing to be flogged by
the Canterbury monks as penance. Tom's shrine was destroyed by Henry VIII.
Dr. Phyllis G. Jestice
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