dear Thomas I haven't gone and looked recently, but I thought that the canon says something like "because physical illness is sometimes caused by sin, you should go to a priest before going to a doctor"; and I had also wondered whether one reason for doing this might be to discourage people on their death beds letting Cathar and Waldensian doctors near them (nb there are many more Waldensian doctors than Cathar ones, as far as we know). Um ... i've also lost track of the discussion. cheers john arnold Centre for Medieval Studies Kings Manor Exhibition Square York YO1 2EP ENGLAND (01904) 433948 On Tue, 17 Sep 1996, Thomas Izbicki wrote: > The Fourth Lateran Council did subordinate cure of the body's ills to > cure of sould in c. 22. This was not to discourage medical care but to > discourage use of any remedies - not enumerated - which might undermine > chances of salvation. It might be interesting to follow up canonistic > commentary & casuistic literature to determine whether more detail is > given on such remedies. > > tom izbicki > %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%