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That would be most kind Salima Ikram Distinguished University Professor Egyptology Unit Head Department of Sociology, Egyptology & Anthropology American University in Cairo AUC Avenue, PO Box 74 New Cairo 11835 [log in to unmask], [log in to unmask] tel: 20-2-2615-1840; fax: 20-2-2797-4903 > On 6 Jul 2018, at 13:41, George Hambrecht <[log in to unmask]> wrote: > > Hi Salima, > > I wanted to echo Leif's comments and then mention a possible example of whale bone being used as a fuel at a 17th century site in southern Iceland. The pub will be out soon and I will send it to you once it is. > > George > > On Sun, Jul 1, 2018 at 12:40 PM, Salima Ikram <[log in to unmask] <mailto:[log in to unmask]>> wrote: > hmmm. interesting > > Salima Ikram > Distinguished University Professor > Egyptology Unit Head > Department of Sociology, Egyptology & Anthropology > American University in Cairo > AUC Avenue, PO Box 74 > New Cairo 11835 > [log in to unmask] <mailto:[log in to unmask]>, [log in to unmask] <mailto:[log in to unmask]> > tel: 20-2-2615-1840; fax: 20-2-2797-4903 > > > > > > > > > > > >> On 28 Jun 2018, at 19:51, Anaya Sarpaki <[log in to unmask] <mailto:[log in to unmask]>> wrote: >> >> Dear All, >> >> The conversation with bone used as fuel is very interesting! When the wood is burnt and turned into ash, it produces potassium which was used ethnographically in Greece for disinfecting and making clothes whiter when washed. I wonder whether the burning of wood does produce ask with certain qualities or distinctive characteristics which could be detected by analysing the ash if bones are totally burnt? >> >> Anaya Sarpaki >> >> -----Original Message----- >> From: Analysis of animal remains from archaeological sites <[log in to unmask] <mailto:[log in to unmask]>> On Behalf Of Leif Jonsson >> Sent: Thursday, June 28, 2018 8:47 PM >> To: [log in to unmask] <mailto:[log in to unmask]> >> Subject: Re: [ZOOARCH] fuel >> >> Dear Salima >> >> Bone as fuel is mentioned by the swedish archbishop Olaus Magnus in his monumental work on the life of the nordic peolples, Historia de Gentibus Septentrionalibus printed in Rome 1555. In the twentyfirst book, chapter twenty he describes how people in the far north (i.e.north of Trondheim in western Norway), where the climate and stormy winds stopped trees from growing there, used bones from whales and dried fish heads as a substitute for wood in their fires. (Fish in OM:s vocabulary can mean smaller whales, seals as well as proper fish.) In a commentary to the text edition in swedish John Granlund writes that fresh whale bones combined with dried peat/turf were used as fuel still in the beginning of the 20th century in the Faroe Islands (Annandale 1905 p. 36 ff). Graham Clark (1947 p. 99 ff) says that this use had parallels among palaeolithic mammoth hunters. >> >> (Historia de Gentibus Septentrionalibus was a monumental work by Olaus Magnus on the Nordic countries, printed in Rome 1555.[1] It was a work which long remained for the rest of Europe the authority on Swedish matters. Its popularity increased by the numerous woodcuts of people and their customs, amazing the rest of Europe. It is still today a valuable repertory of much curious information in regard to Scandinavian customs and folklore. >> It was translated into Italian (1565), German (1567), English (1658) and Dutch (1665). Abridgments of the work appeared also at Antwerp (1558 and 1562), Paris (1561), Basel (1567), Amsterdam (1586), Frankfurt (1618) and Leiden (1652). (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Description_of_the_Northern_Peoples <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Description_of_the_Northern_Peoples>) >> >> Annandale, N., 1905. The Faroes and Iceland. Oxford. >> Clark, J.G.D, 1947. Whales as an economic factor in prehistoric Europe. Antiquity XXI). >> >> Leif Jonsson / Gothenburg, Sweden >> >> ######################################################################## >> >> To unsubscribe from the ZOOARCH list, click the following link: >> https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?SUBED1=ZOOARCH&A=1 <https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?SUBED1=ZOOARCH&A=1> >> >> >> --- >> This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software. >> https://www.avast.com/antivirus <https://www.avast.com/antivirus> >> >> ######################################################################## >> >> To unsubscribe from the ZOOARCH list, click the following link: >> https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?SUBED1=ZOOARCH&A=1 <https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?SUBED1=ZOOARCH&A=1> > > > To unsubscribe from the ZOOARCH list, click the following link: > https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?SUBED1=ZOOARCH&A=1 <https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?SUBED1=ZOOARCH&A=1> > > > -- > George Hambrecht > Anthropology Department > University of Maryland, College Park > 0111 Woods Hall > email - [log in to unmask] <mailto:[log in to unmask]> > phone - 301-405-1002 ######################################################################## To unsubscribe from the ZOOARCH list, click the following link: https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?SUBED1=ZOOARCH&A=1