Dear David, What a great post! If I may, I would like to go on a tangent, which I believe is related to the problems that you observe about the methods. For various reasons, I have been scouring the studio education literature in design. There are many articles that almost always have a flashy title such as "a new approach to studio education in x", but exceptions notwithstanding, an overwhelming majority of these so-called validations are based on personal/anecdotal evidence (i.e. studio teachers finding their own performance wonderful, go figure). It is much harder in a commercial setting, but it is a little bit easier to test what works (or does not work) in classrooms. Education researchers do these types of analyses all the time with controlled experiments in classrooms, that is, do a random assignment (or use a sampling strategy), try your "new" method in one group, do nothing "special" in another group, compare the end results statistically. Some people would argue that "measuring" something is notoriously difficult in design education, but I would say that measuring something in any area is notoriously difficult, but that does not keep folks from trying. In short, I believe that we need long winded research programs to test the myths of studio education. Maybe our methods are really working, but till I have some evidence, as you said, I will remain a skeptic. Warm wishes, Ali O. Ilhan,PhD OzU/Istanbul Institute of Design www.ozu-iid.com www.ozyegin.edu.tr ----------------------------------------------------------------- PhD-Design mailing list <[log in to unmask]> Discussion of PhD studies and related research in Design Subscribe or Unsubscribe at https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/phd-design -----------------------------------------------------------------