Dear Yan, As soon as you change the design matrix, results will be different. In general term you can think of the data as a point in a N dimensional space and you project onto a subspace at P dimensions ie the nb of columns of the design matrix (see SPM book). As the design matrix changes, so does the projection. For the specific case a motion regressors many voxels will have some variance explained by these regressors so it is a good idea to include them, see a neuroimage paper from Lund. Cyril Dr Cyril Pernet BRIC / SINAPSE University of Edinburgh ----- Reply message ----- From: "Yan Fang" <[log in to unmask]> Date: Fri, Aug 5, 2011 00:50 Subject: [SPM] motion regressors To: <[log in to unmask]> Hi, Can I ask a question about motion regressors generated after realignment? I reorient all the images after realignment and coregistration. If I still add motion regressors to the design matrix, will this affect the result? Thank you! Yan