The Cliffs Shaft Mine, an iron mine in Ishpeming, Michigan, USA, had two
cast concrete headframes built shortly after WWI. Among the reasons given
for using concrete was the problems in gettign steel immediately after the
War and the dangers of fire inherent in wood. In termsof durability, they
were intended to replace two wooden frames that were about 30 years old.
They stayed in use until 1955 or 56 when they were replaced and are still
standing. Several years ago I wrote the national register nomination for
the site, including the frames.
Bill Mulligan
NOTE NEW AREA CODE - Effective 4-17-99
William H. Mulligan, Jr. [[log in to unmask]]
Associate Professor of History
Director - Forrest C. Pogue Public History Institute
6B Faculty Hall
Murray State University - Murray, KY 42071-3341
Phone:(270) 762-6571 Fax:(270) 762-6587
Pogue Institute web site:
http://campus.murraystate.edu/academic/faculty/Bill.Mulligan/Index.htm
Personal web site:
http://campus.murraystate.edu/academic/faculty/Bill.Mulligan/mull-pers.htm
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