Dear Klaus:
Thank you for those comments. Are those views on science articulated in a paper or article of yours or one you are drawing from?
I´d be interested in referring to those points in a paper I am preparing.
Regards,
Richard
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From: PhD-Design - This list is for discussion of PhD studies and related research in [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Krippendorff, Klaus
Sent: Sunday, January 19, 2020 10:27 PM
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: From 'design' to 'design studies' curriculum
Hi Gunnar,
I fundamentally agree with your criticism of Terry’s addition to a design curriculum.
Precision and details in formulating a design (a proposal for what does not yet exist) is realizable only in situations where designers are given the unquestionable authorities to determine what should be. However, this condition rarely exist any more. Designers have to be open for different stakeholders to articulate their interests and make contributions of their own.
Also, scientific theories are always based on observations of what existed In the past and entail claims of being generalizable to futures. Designers who materialize what theories predict merely elaborate the past and create nothing new.
The history of science shows that theories are constantly revised, refined, and discarded as the world as well as the conceptions of scientists change.
Science is epistemologically conservative.
In my view, designers often succeed by violating common conceptions of what is generally held true and unchangeable and this includes questioning established scientific theories not blindly complying with them.
Klaus
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