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MEDIEVAL-RELIGION  July 2016

MEDIEVAL-RELIGION July 2016

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Subject:

Re: FEAST - A Saint for the Day (July 11): St. Benedict of Nursia and Montecassino

From:

Gordon Plumb <[log in to unmask]>

Reply-To:

medieval-religion - Scholarly discussions of medieval religious culture <[log in to unmask]>

Date:

Mon, 11 Jul 2016 12:38:14 -0400

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medieval-religion: Scholarly discussions of medieval religion and culture

A few further images of Benedict:

Some scenes in glass, mostly from the St Denis window devoted to St Benedict of c.1145.

Twycross, St James, east window, 3c, Benedict hitting monk tempted by devil from staying long at his prayers. Ex St Denis, c.1145:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/22274117@N08/2364192115
details:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/22274117@N08/2364192121
https://www.flickr.com/photos/22274117@N08/2364192125

Twycross, St James. east window, 4a - Benedict having vision of Maurus saving brother Placid from drowning - from St Denis:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/22274117@N08/2366178841
 The scene is of St Benedict having a vision of Maurus saving Placid from drowning. The devil above comes from another scene, of St Benedict in a cave being fed by Romanus - one other part of that scene is in panel 3a of this window, but the figure of St Benedict in the cave is in the chapel of Raby Castle in County Durham.

Oxford, Trinity College Old Library, 2nd east window, 2b:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/22274117@N08/17904632782

Gordon Plumb







-----Original Message-----
From: John Dillon <[log in to unmask]>
To: MEDIEVAL-RELIGION <[log in to unmask]>
Sent: Mon, Jul 11, 2016 9:26 am
Subject: [M-R] FEAST - A Saint for the Day (July 11): St. Benedict of Nursia and Montecassino

medieval-religion: Scholarly discussions of medieval religion and culture

St. Benedict of Nursia (d. ca. 550), the earlier sixth-century founder of the abbey of Montecassino and the author of the monastic Rule that bears his name, needs no introduction to the learned of this list. Today (11. July) is his feast day in the general Roman Calendar (in the revisions of 1969 it was moved from the very traditional 21. March, a day that always falls during Lent).


Some period-pertinent images of St. Benedict of Nursia and of Montecassino:

a) as depicted (at right, flanking Christ in a mandorla; at left, St. Gregory the Great) in a pen and ink drawing in a very late tenth- or very early eleventh-century copy of Gregory's Homilia in Ezechiel formerly in the abbey of Fleury (Orléans, Médiathèque, ms. 175, p. 149):
http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/Wave/savimage/enlumine/irht2/IRHT_052916-p.jpg
Detail view (Benedict):
http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/Wave/savimage/enlumine/irht2/IRHT_052920-p.jpg

b) as depicted (at left; at right: other monks, one holding the Rule) in an earlier eleventh-century Psalms and prayers (prob. before 1023; London, BL, MS Arundel 155, fol. 133r):
http://tinyurl.com/psl7c7z
Description and detail view:
http://tinyurl.com/oronwd7

c) as depicted (curing the boy afflicted with leprosy) in a mid- to later eleventh-century fresco in Rome's chiesa di San Crisogono a Trastevere:
http://www.atlantedellarteitaliana.it/immagine/00022/15177OP24219.jpg

d) as depicted (at left; at right the BVM and Christ Child) in a mid- to later eleventh-century fresco in the lower church of Rome's basilica di San Clemente:
http://tinyurl.com/pzqhkqt

e) as portrayed on two later eleventh- or early twelfth-century capitals in the transept of the abbey church of Fleury at Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire (Loiret):
1) at left, in the miracle of the peasant's dead son:
http://static.panoramio.com/photos/large/89089047.jpg
2) at left, in the incident of his temptation of the flesh:
http://jalladeauj.fr/oiseauxromans/styled/files/merle-st-benoit.jpg
3) at right, disrobing and entering thorny vegetation in order to avoid that temptation:
http://static.panoramio.com/photos/large/89089090.jpg

f) as depicted (explaining his Rule to St. Maurus) in a full-page illumination at the beginning of a twelfth-century copy of the _Regula Sancti Benedicti_ (Cambrai, Bibliothèque municipale, ms. 829, fol. 54v):
http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/Wave/savimage/enlumine/irht7/IRHT_105654-p.jpg
A clearer view (grayscale):
http://tinyurl.com/mt5eryk

g) as thrice depicted in a twelfth-century Benedictine miscellany from the Stift Sankt Lambrecht in the Steiermark (Graz, Universitätsbibliothek, cod. 325):
1) in thorny vegetation; at lower left: portrait (fol. 8r):
http://tarvos.imareal.oeaw.ac.at/server/images/7009651.JPG
2) between Sts. Maurus and Placidus (fol. 9r):
http://tarvos.imareal.oeaw.ac.at/server/images/7009653.JPG

h) as portrayed (at right, in the incident of his temptation of the flesh) on an earlier twelfth-century nave capital (ca. 1125) in the basilique Sainte-Marie-Madeleine at Vézelay:
http://tinyurl.com/pg63mru

i) as depicted (delivering his Rule to St. Maurus and other monks) in an earlier twelfth-century copy of the _Regula Sancti Benedicti_ from the abbaye de St.-Gilles at today's Saint-Gilles-du-Gard (1129; London, BL, MS Add. 16979, fol. 21v):
http://tinyurl.com/mquj2f4

j) as depicted (between two monks) at the beginning of a mid-twelfth-century copy of the _Regula Sancti Benedicti_ (ca. 1151; Paris, BnF, ms. Nouvelle acquisition latine 214, fol. 116r):
http://tinyurl.com/7lp454v

k) as depicted (at table with St. Scholastica during her final visit) in one of four panels of a full-page illumination in the late twelfth-century so-called Bible of Saint Bertin (ca. 1190-1200; Den Haag, KB, ms. 76 F 5, fol. 32r):
http://manuscripts.kb.nl/zoom/BYVANCKB%3Amimi_76f5%3A032r_min_a1

l) as depicted in a thirteenth-century fresco in the monastero (del Sacro Speco) di San Benedetto in Subiaco (RO) in Lazio:
http://www.uciimtorino.it/istituzioni_monastiche_m_s_benedetto.jpg

m) as depicted (at center, betw. Sts. Constantine / Cyril and Methodius) in a retouched, originally thirteenth-century fresco in the chiesa di San Pietro in Assisi:
http://tinyurl.com/7kkeo25

n) as depicted (portrait and scenes with Sts. Maurus and Placidus) in a set of thirteenth-century frescoes flanking a window in the lower church of the monastero (del Sacro Speco) di San Benedetto in Subiaco (RO) in Lazio:
1) portrait:
http://tinyurl.com/h5rxo9y
2) he receives poisoned bread:
http://farm9.static.flickr.com/8516/8592692992_aa11974006.jpg
3) he instructs a crow to take the bread away:
http://abtei-uznach.ch/de/media/bilder/benedikt3.jpg
The ensemble:
http://www.benedettotozzi.it/images/SBMiracoliSanBenedetto.jpg

o) as portrayed on a thirteenth-century enameled copper plaque from Limoges in the Czartoryski Museum in Kraków:
http://tinyurl.com/mgd3vr6

p) as depicted in an early thirteenth-century fresco revealed by Allied bombing in 1944 in an apsidiole of the chiesa del Crocefisso in Cassino (FR) in southern Lazio and now in the cappella di Sant'Anna at the abbey of Montecassino:
Before restoration:
http://tinyurl.com/79xqxda
As recently restored (at center in this distance image; at left, St. Maurus; at right, St. Scholastica):
http://tinyurl.com/j6jmw5c

q) as depicted (main panel at upper right) by Margaritone of Arezzo in a mid-thirteenth-century panel painting of the BVM and Christ Child Enthroned with Four Saints (ca. 1240-1245) in the National Gallery of Art in Washington:
http://www.nga.gov/content/ngaweb/Collection/art-object-page.41622.html

r) as portrayed in relief (scenes from his life; at center, the Baptism of Christ) on a mid-thirteenth-century altarpiece from the abbey of St. Denis (ca. 1250-1260), now in the Musée National du Moyen Age (Musée Cluny) in Paris:
http://tinyurl.com/ozxww4j
Detail view:
http://tinyurl.com/q8l9evk

s) as depicted (instructing monks) at the beginning of a later thirteenth-century copy (betw. 1267 and 1278) of the _Regula Sancti Benedicti_ (Paris, BnF, ms. Latin 12834, fol. 104r):
http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84704204/f189.item.zoom

t) as depicted (at left; at right, St. John the Baptist) in a late thirteenth-century (_aliter_: fourteenth-century) fresco in the rupestrian chiesa di Santa Lucia alle Malve in Matera (MT) in Basilicata:
http://www.eremos.eu/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/35e1.jpg
Detail views (Benedict):
http://www.santaluciamatera.it/f12.jpg
http://www.basileusonline.it/images/viandante/matera/mate8_05.jpg

u) as depicted (instructing Caesarius of Heisterbach) at the outset of an earlier fourteenth-century copy of Caesarius' _Dialogus miraculorum_ (Düsseldorf, Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, Hs. C27, fol. 2r):
http://tinyurl.com/pwnuxtb

v) as depicted (upper register, at left) in a March calendar composition in the earlier fourteenth-century frescoes (betw. ca. 1312 and ca. 1321/22) of the monastery church of the Theotokos at Gračanica in, depending upon one's view of the matter, either the Republic of Kosovo or Serbia's province of Kosovo and Metohija:
http://tinyurl.com/yzfxkmn

w) as depicted (at table with St. Scholastica during her final visit) in the mid- to later fourteenth-century Breviary of King Charles V (betw. 1347 and 1380; Paris, BnF, ms. Latin 1052, fol. 344v):
http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84525491/f698.item.zoom

x) as depicted (at left; at center, a pope St. Sixtus [probably Sixtus II]; at right, St. Proculus of Bologna) by Simone di Filippo (a.k.a. Simone dei Crocefissi) in a panel from a dismembered later fourteenth-century altarpiece (ca. 1380) in the Museo di Santo Stefano in Bologna:
http://tinyurl.com/zfgu6q4

y) as depicted (at right; at left St. Andrew) by Agnolo Gaddi on a late fourteenth-century altarpiece of the BVM and Christ Child with Saints (shortly before 1387) in the National Gallery of Art in Washington:
http://www.nga.gov/content/ngaweb/Collection/art-object-page.2.html

z) as depicted (scenes) by Spinello Aretino in his late fourteenth-century frescoes (1388) in the sacristy of the basilica di San Miniato al Monte in Florence:
http://www.wga.hu/html_m/s/spinello/spinello/miniato/index.html

aa) as depicted in a late fourteenth- or early fifteenth-century copy of the _Legenda aurea_ in its French-language version by Jean de Vignay (Rennes, Bibliothèque de Rennes Métropole, ms. 266, fol. 85v):
http://tinyurl.com/zmc7s9d

bb) as depicted (with St. Scholastica at table during her final visit) by a fifteenth-century Umbrian master working in the upper church of the monastero (del Sacro Speco) di San Benedetto in Subiaco (RO) in Lazio:
http://tinyurl.com/cz7q7e
http://tinyurl.com/dlumo6

cc) as depicted (at table with St. Scholastica during her final visit) as depicted in an early fifteenth-century copy of the Legenda aurea in its French-language version by Jean de Vignay followed by the Festes nouvelles attributed to Jean Golein (Paris, BnF, ms. Français 242, fol. 295v):
http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8426005j/f608.item.zoom

dd) as depicted (his vision of St. Scholastica's soul ascending to heaven) in an early fifteenth-century fresco in the upper church of the monastero (del Sacro Speco) di San Benedetto in Subiaco (RO) in Lazio:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/edithosb/370260822/sizes/l

ee) as depicted (at right, directing St. Maurus to save St. Placidus from drowning) by Giovanni di Consalvo in the earlier fifteenth-century frescoes (later 1430s) of the Chiostro degli Aranci in the Badia di Firenze in Florence:
http://tinyurl.com/klqsug9

ff) as depicted by Beato Angelico in a detail of his mid-fifteenth-century fresco of the Crucifixion and Saints (early 1440s) in the chapter room of the convento (now Museo nazionale) di San Marco in Florence:
http://tinyurl.com/6or4uy5
The ensemble:
http://www.wga.hu/art/a/angelico/09/corridor/crucifi.jpg

gg) as depicted (at left, directing St. Maurus to save St. Placidus from drowning) by Filippo Lippi in a mid-fifteenth-century panel painting (ca. 1440-1450) in the National Gallery of Art, Washington:
http://www.briggl.com/galleries/nationalgallery/natgal0050.jpg
http://www.nga.gov/content/ngaweb/Collection/art-object-page.41620.html

hh) as depicted by Andrea Mantegna in a panel of his mid-fifteenth-century St. Luke Altarpiece (commissioned, 1453) in the Pinacoteca di Brera in Milan:
http://tinyurl.com/jupe29g
The ensemble:
http://tinyurl.com/2ko9t9

ii) as depicted (at left; deep in conversation with St. Scholastica) in a later fifteenth-century copy, with illuminations by a Flemish master, of the Legenda aurea in its French-language version by Jean de Vignay followed by the Festes nouvelles attributed to Jean Golein (ca. 1470; Mâcon, Médiathèque municipale, ms. 3, fol. 146v):
http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/Wave/savimage/enlumine/irht6/IRHT_095353-p.jpg

jj) as depicted by Antonello da Messina in a panel of his later fifteenth-century polyptych of St. Gregory the Great (1473) in the Museo regionale di Messina:
http://tinyurl.com/l6yjdo2

kk) as depicted (right margin at top) in a hand-colored woodcut in the Beloit College copy of Hartmann Schedel's late fifteenth-century _Weltchronik_ (_Nuremberg Chronicle_; 1493) at fol. CXLIIIIr:
https://www.beloit.edu/nuremberg/book/6th_age/right_page/47%20%28Folio%20CXLIIIIr%29.pdf

ll) as depicted (second from right, presenting one of the founders) by Thomas of Villach in a late fifteenth-century fresco (1493) in the abbey church at Sankt Paul im Lavanttal (Land Kärnten):
http://tinyurl.com/ojpjhvq

mm) as portrayed (at far left; at far right, St. Scholastica) by Michel Erhart in a polychromed and gilt wooden statue in the central compartment of the late fifteenth-century principal altarpiece (1493-1494) in the church of the former Benedictine abbey at Blaubeuren (Alb-Donau Kreis) in Baden-Württemberg:
http://tinyurl.com/hew5mru
Detail view (Benedict at left; at right, St. John the Baptist):
http://tinyurl.com/zebjsk5
The altarpiece as a whole:
http://tinyurl.com/grqche3

nn) as depicted (at left, flanking the BVM; at right, St. Quintinus [Quentin] of Vermand) by Francesco Marmitta in a very late fifteenth- or early sixteenth-century panel painting (ca. 1500-1505) in the Musée du Louvre in Paris:
http://cartelen.louvre.fr/cartelen/visite?srv=car_not_frame&idNotice=13755
http://cartelen.louvre.fr/pub/fr/image/15900_p0003811.001.jpg

oo) as depicted (at left; at right, St. Godehard) in an earlier sixteenth-century glass window panel (1527) in the choir of the Kirche St. Maria in Auhausen (Lkr. Donau-Ries) in Bavaria:
http://tinyurl.com/zec9lsd

pp) as depicted (at left; at right St. Scholastica; at center, the BVM and Christ Child) by the workshop of the Sparapane in a remounted earlier sixteenth-century fresco (1528) in the cattedrale di Santa Maria Argentea in Norcia (PG) in Umbria:
http://tinyurl.com/ozdghwu

Best,
John Dillon

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