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medieval-religion: Scholarly discussions of medieval religion and culture
Dear Frans,
You must have a very informative version of Grotefend. The one that I use tells one what were (some) feast days of (some) saints according to sources that were printed prior to the twentieth century (and in most cases prior to the seventeenth century). Yours apparently tells one what the saints' days (or, at least, some of them) are now -- at least as a general matter. Where can I obtain this version?
The statement "Today (3. July) is the feast of St. Thomas the Apostle in churches using the Roman and other Latin rites" was a generalization. But it is nonetheless very largely true. Whereas there are certainly some "independent" or "continuing" Latin-rite Catholic churches that celebrate Thomas' (principal) feast day on 21. December, the vast majority of churches using these rites are Roman Catholic. And these now celebrate Thomas' (principal) feast on 3. July both in the majority Roman Rite and in the vastly smaller Ambrosian Rite (although I haven't attempted to find out, I'm sure the other Latin rites conform as well). For the Roman Rite, see the monthly listings of the general Roman Calendar as shown here:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar
and, under December, in the summary of changes promulgated in 1969 as itemized here:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mysterii_Paschalis#December
For the Ambrosian Rite see (e.g.):
http://www.cattoliciromani.com/75-thesaurus-liturgiae/52672-calendario-liturgico-ambrosiano-2013-2014-e-tabella-precedenze-dei-giorni-liturgici
And when I continued "as well as in other churches whose liturgical calendars have been influenced by those of the Roman Rite" that is literally true. For Thomas celebrated on 3. July in the Church of England see:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Church_of_England)#July
For Thomas celebrated on 3. July in the Anglican Church of Canada see (e.g.):
https://www.facebook.com/stthomastoronto/posts/1627096640914559
Note that I did not say "in _all_ other churches whose liturgical calendars have been influenced by those of the Roman Rite". I'm sure that there are plenty of such churches that, unpersuaded by (or wholly indifferent to) the relatively recent change in the Roman Calendar, continue to keep the feast of Thomas the Apostle on 21. December. But to suppose that Thomas has but one principal feast day -- as you appear to do when you say "Surely December 21 is the feast of St Thomas" -- flies in the face of readily verifiable reality.
Best,
John Dillon
________________________________________
From: medieval-religion - Scholarly discussions of medieval religious culture <[log in to unmask]> on behalf of Frans van Liere <[log in to unmask]>
Sent: Thursday, July 7, 2016 8:23:48 PM
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: [M-R] FEAST - A Saint for the Day (July 3): St. Thomas, Apostle
medieval-religion: Scholarly discussions of medieval religion and culture
My Grotefend tells me that July 3 is the feast of the translation of St Thomas. Surely December 21 is the feast of St Thomas, still widely celebrated in the Norther Netherlands, with the St Thomas ringing in some villages (which entails continuous bell ringing from Dec. 21 to Dec. 31)...
Frans van Liere
Department of History
Calvin College
1845 Knollcrest Circle, SE
Grand Rapids, MI, 49546
-----Original Message-----
From: medieval-religion - Scholarly discussions of medieval religious culture [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of John Dillon
Sent: Sunday, July 03, 2016 8:47 AM
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: [M-R] FEAST - A Saint for the Day (July 3): St. Thomas, Apostle
medieval-religion: Scholarly discussions of medieval religion and culture
Today (3. July) is the feast of St. Thomas the Apostle in churches using the Roman and other Latin rites as well as in other churches whose liturgical calendars have been influenced by those of the Roman Rite. Byzantine-rite churches celebrate him on 6. October.
Links to some period-pertinent images of Thomas the Apostle:
NB: As has been true of other selections offered to the list, this one includes images selected for their artistic merit, for their iconographic interest, for geographic or cultural variety, and for variety of media and of artistic styles. It's a bit on the long side -- and thus probably not for one sitting --, largely because in addition to non-narrative portraits and to images of martyrdom it encompasses examples of two actions very frequently illustrated: Thomas' palpation of the risen Jesus ("Doubting Thomas") and his more legendary receipt of Mary's cincture (a.k.a. her belt or her girdle) during her assumption into Heaven.
1) as portrayed in relief (Doubting Thomas) on a panel from an earlier fifth-century ivory casket (ca. 420-430) in the British Museum, London:
http://tinyurl.com/pymtptu
2) as depicted (at lower left, to the viewer's immediate left of St. Paul) in the later fifth-century mosaic ceiling (betw. 451 and 475) of the Neonian Baptistery / Orthodox Baptistery in Ravenna (for best results, click to expand the image):
http://tinyurl.com/otuyj8z
3) as portrayed in relief (Doubting Thomas) on an ivory book cover of north Italian origin usually dated to the later fifth century but recently assigned instead to the later sixth, now in the cathedral treasury of Milan (one of two covers forming the so-called Milan Diptych):
http://tinyurl.com/noqu7lu
4) as depicted in the very late fifth- or early sixth-century mosaics of the Cappella Arcivescovile (a.k.a. Cappella di Sant'Andrea) in Ravenna:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/33563858@N00/5779233595
5) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in the very late fifth- or early sixth-century mosaics of the upper register of the clerestory wall in the basilica di Sant'Apollinare Nuovo in Ravenna:
http://tinyurl.com/ju5vqr9
6) as depicted (lower left corner) among the roundels of apostles framing the Theotokos and Christ Child in a sixth-century tapestry icon from Egypt in the Cleveland Museum of Art:
http://www.clevelandart.org/art/1967.144
Detail view (Thomas; above him, John):
http://tinyurl.com/pd57k3o
7) as depicted in the earlier sixth-century mosaics (betw. 527 and 548) of the basilica di San Vitale in Ravenna:
http://www.mosaicocidm.it/Mosaico/images//immagini_scheda/ra_sv_063-med.jpg
8) as depicted in an earlier sixth-century mosaic (530s) formerly in the church of the Panagia Kanakaria in Lythrankomi (Famagusta prefecture) in Turkish-occupied northern Cyprus, looted from there in the late 1970s, recovered from the art trade in the 1ater 1980s and, after litigation in the U.S., returned to the Republic of Cyprus in the 1990s:
https://ergastirion.files.wordpress.com/2014/03/agios-thomas-lezanta-32.jpg
9) as depicted (second from left) in the earlier to mid-sixth-century mosaics of the presbytery arch (carefully restored, 1890-1900) in the Basilica Eufrasiana in Poreč:
http://tinyurl.com/pak3fch
10) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in the mid-ninth-century Drogo Sacramentary from Metz (Paris, BnF, ms. Latin 9468, fol. 66r):
http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b60000332/f141.item.zoom
11) as portrayed in relief on a later tenth-century ivory plaque (ca. 968) from the cathedral of Magdeburg, now in the Bayerisches Natonalmuseum in Munich:
http://www.bayerisches-nationalmuseum.de/webgos/fotos_logo/logo_d70053.jpg
A clearer view in very strong light:
http://pemptousia.com/files/2015/04/toma-pipairea-s10-magdeburg-germania-in-600x600.jpg
12) as depicted (martyrdom) in the late tenth- or very early eleventh-century so-called Menologion of Basil II (Città del Vaticano, BAV, cod. Vat. gr. 1613, p. 93):
http://tinyurl.com/z3ov8wv
13) as portrayed in relief (at upper right; at upper left, St. Mercurius) on a leaf of the mid-tenth-century ivory Harbaville Triptych in the Musée du Louvre, Paris:
http://tinyurl.com/qjpyd58
14) as portrayed in relief (at right; at left, Philip the Apostle) on a later tenth-century ivory casket probably from Constantinople in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York:
http://images.metmuseum.org/CRDImages/md/web-large/sf17-190-238s2.jpg
15) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in a full-page illumination in the later tenth-century Benedictional of St Æthelwold (betw. 963 and 984; London, BL, Add. MS 49598, fol. 56v):
http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/Viewer.aspx?ref=add_ms_49598_f056v
16) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in the later tenth-century Codex Egberti (ca. 980), a book of Gospel pericopes (Trier, Stadtbibliothek, Ms. 24, fol. 93r):
http://tinyurl.com/p6q7xmb
17) as portrayed in relief (image at right; Doubting Thomas) on a late tenth-century ivory diptych from Trier in the Bode-Museum in Berlin:
http://tinyurl.com/pgbad7f
18) as portrayed (center, lower left; Doubting Thomas) on an eleventh- to thirteenth-century pewter devotional ampulla of possible Palestinian origin, said to have come from Deir el-Azzam in what is now Egypt's Sohag governorate and now in the British Museum, London:
http://tinyurl.com/pg976gz
19) as depicted at two locations in the earlier eleventh-century decor (restored betw. 1953 and 1962) of the katholikon of the monastery of Hosios Loukas near Distomo in Phokis:
a) in a full-length portrait (at far left) and in a Doubting Thomas scene (center; Thomas defaced) in the mosaics of the narthex of the upper church:
http://www.icon-art.info/hires.php?lng=en&type=1&id=1039
Detail view (full-length portrait):
http://tinyurl.com/no2w4sg
b) in a Doubting Thomas scene in the frescoes in the crypt:
http://tinyurl.com/ptlrtp5
20) as depicted in an eleventh-century lectionary from the abbey of St. Martial in Limoges (Paris, BnF, ms. Latin 5301, fol. 279v):
http://tinyurl.com/p8zu9mh
21) as portrayed in relief (Doubting Thomas) on an eleventh-century capital in the église Saint-Pierre at Rucqueville (Calvados):
http://www.art-roman.net/rucqueville/rucqueville11x.jpg
22) as portrayed in relief (Doubting Thomas) on a later eleventh-century pillar in the eleventh-/twelfth-century monastery cloister of San Domingo at Silos (Burgos), Castilla y León:
http://www.wga.hu/art/zgothic/1romanes/cap-12c2/35s_1134.jpg
http://tinyurl.com/3eh9e9
23) as depicted (at far left) in the seemingly late eleventh-century mosaics of the apostles in the central apse of the basilica di Santa Maria Assunta on Torcello:
https://c2.staticflickr.com/8/7206/6925040584_28ba0cba0e_b.jpg
24) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in the late eleventh-century mosaics in the katholikon of the Daphni monastery in Chaidari (Athens prefecture):
http://www.icon-art.info/hires.php?lng=en&type=1&id=1040
25) as depicted (at left) in the earlier twelfth-century Apostles of Orcau (betw. 1101 and 1150), an apse fresco from the former church of Santa Maria in the castle of Orcau in Isonna i Conca Dellà, Pallars Jussà (Lleida) transferred to canvas and now in Barcelona in the Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya:
http://tinyurl.com/o53d9ay
Detail view:
http://tinyurl.com/pnozzj2
26) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in a full-page illumination in the earlier twelfth-century St Albans Psalter (betw. 1120 and 1145; Hildesheim, Dombibliothek, MS St. Godehard 1, p. 52):
http://tinyurl.com/owopvvq
27) as depicted (lower register, fourth from right [to the viewer's left of the window]) in the mid-twelfth-century apse mosaic in the left aisle of Trieste's basilica cattedrale di San Giusto martire:
https://c2.staticflickr.com/8/7087/7197302594_d73d570a68_b.jpg
Detail view (Thomas):
https://www.flickr.com/photos/28433765@N07/14978159540
28) as portrayed in relief (Doubting Thomas) on a mid-twelfth-century walrus ivory plaque in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York:
http://www.metmuseum.org/collection/the-collection-online/search/467774
29) as depicted (full-length figure at left; at right, St. Philip the Apostle; in the roundels, from bottom: St. Nestor, St. Mercurius, St. George) in the mid-twelfth-century mosaics (ca. 1143) of the chiesa di Santa Maria dell'Ammiraglio (a.k.a. chiesa della Martorana) in Palermo:
http://tinyurl.com/23oba3r
Detail view (Thomas; greatly expandable):
http://tinyurl.com/p7omjxx
30) as depicted (at lower right) in the mid-twelfth-century apse mosaics (completed in 1148) of the basilica cattedrale della Trasfigurazione in Cefalù:
http://www.wga.hu/art/zgothic/mosaics/3cefalu/5cefalu.jpg
31) as portrayed in relief (Doubting Thomas) on a mid-twelfth-century capital (ca. 1150) in the église Notre-Dame du Mont Cornadore in Saint-Nectaire (Puy-de-Dôme):
http://christophe.bascoul.free.fr/IMG/jpg/2003.04.18_-_22.jpg
32) as portrayed (martyrdom) in a gilt and enameled bronze plaque on the mid-twelfth-century portable altar (ca. 1150-1160) from Stavelot in the Musées royaux d’Art et d’Histoire, Musée du Cinquantenaire, in Brussels (photograph courtesy of Genevra Kornbluth):
http://www.kornbluthphoto.com/images/StavelotAltar_18-1.jpg
33) as portrayed (at right, after St. James and St. Mathias [misidentified here as Matthew]) on a later twelfth-century gilt and enameled copper alloy plaque of Mosan origin (ca. 1150-1175) in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York:
http://www.metmuseum.org/collection/the-collection-online/search/467735
Detail view (Thomas):
http://images.metmuseum.org/CRDImages/md/web-large/sf41-100-162d1.jpg
34) as portrayed (at left; at right, St. Matthew) on a later twelfth-century gilt and enameled copper plaque of Mosan origin (ca. 1160) in the Cleveland Museum of Art:
http://www.clevelandart.org/art/1952.462.2.
35) as portrayed (Doubting Thomas) in the center of the later twelfth-century relief of Jesus and the Apostles (1167; attributed to Gruamonte) over the main entrance to Pistoia's chiesa di San Bartolomeo in Pantano:
http://tinyurl.com/qjnorgq
36) as depicted (upper register; Doubting Thomas) in the later twelfth-century Hunterian Psalter (ca. 1170; Glasgow, University Library, MS Hunter 229 (U.3.2), fol. 13v):
http://special.lib.gla.ac.uk/images/psalter/H229_0013vwf.jpg
37) as depicted (grayscale; five enlargeable views) in the later twelfth-century Christ and Apostles tapestry (ca. 1170) in the cathedral treasury of Halberstadt (grayscale; image expandable):
http://www.bildindex.de/dokumente/html/obj20635169#|home
In color (at far left; smaller image):
http://www.perner-und-schmidt.de/inhalte/foto/schaetze/overlay/hbs.jpg
38) as portrayed in relief (at far left in the Last Supper panel) by Anselmo da Campione on the later twelfth-century parapet (_pontile_; ca. 1170-1180) in the cattedrale di San Geminiano in Modena:
http://tinyurl.com/ngmwj5c
39) as depicted in the later twelfth-century frescoes (betw. 1176 and 1200) of the church of St. George in Staraya Ladoga:
http://www.icon-art.info/hires.php?lng=en&type=11&id=1431
Detail view:
http://www.icon-art.info/hires.php?lng=en&type=11&id=1435
40) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in a later twelfth-century Coptic-language Gospels from Damietta (betw. 1178 and 1180; Paris, BnF, ms. Copte 13, fol. 278v):
http://tinyurl.com/3327ofm
41) as portrayed in relief (Doubting Thomas) on a late twelfth-century capital found at Nazareth in 1908 and now mounted on a wall of the modern Church of the Annunciation there:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/27305838@N04/3570463745/
42) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in the late twelfth-century mosaics (ca. 1182) in the basilica cattedrale di Santa Maria Nuova in Monreale:
http://tinyurl.com/owne48o
43) as portrayed in relief (at center, betw. St. Matthew and St. Peter) on the late twelfth-century reliquary châsse (of Limousin origin) of Sts. Calminus and Namadia in the église abbatiale St.-Pierre et St.-Caprais in Mozac (Puy-de-Dôme):
http://tinyurl.com/p5j4e4q
44) as portrayed in high relief (third from left) on the late twelfth-century portal of the iglesia de San Juan Bautista in Moarves de Ojeda, a locality in Olmos de Ojeda (Palencia):
http://tinyurl.com/ns2qwtl
45) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in the late twelfth-century Navarre Picture Bible (1197; Amiens, Bibliothèque Louis Aragon, ms. 108, fol. 197r):
http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/Wave/savimage/enlumine/irht3/IRHT_060287-p.jpg
46) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in a late twelfth- or very early thirteenth-century mosaic in the basilica cattedrale di San Marco in Venice:
http://tinyurl.com/nkvm9ae
47) as depicted (lower register at fat right) in the late twelfth- or very early thirteenth-century wooden altar frontal of Baltarga in the Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya in Barcelona:
http://www.museunacional.cat/sites/default/files/015804-000.JPG
48) as portrayed in high relief (at center between his fellow apostles St. Matthew and St. Philip) in a late twelfth or early thirteenth-century sculptures (by 1220) on the left jambs of the central portal of the south porch of the basilique cathédrale Notre-Dame in Chartres:
http://tinyurl.com/p6gvu3z
Detail view (Thomas):
http://tinyurl.com/ogan6nr
49) as depicted (third from right) on a seemingly early thirteenth-century wooden chest from the monastery of Santa María de Carrizo, Carrizo de la Ribera (León), now in the Museo de la Catedral de Astorga:
http://tinyurl.com/pmxx4jr
50) as portrayed in relief (second from right) on the early thirteenth-century facade (1202) of the chiesa di San Tommaso Apostolo (San Tommaso in Varano) in Caramanico Terme (PE) in Abruzzo:
https://montezaga.files.wordpress.com/2012/08/002-portale.jpg
51) as depicted (upper right; Doubting Thomas [image somewhat degraded]) in the early thirteenth-century frescoes (ca. 1205-1216) of the Surp Astvatsatsin church at the Akhtala Monastery in Akhtala (Lori province) in Armenia:
https://c1.staticflickr.com/9/8141/7496587466_a882e24b74_b.jpg
52) as portrayed in relief in an earlier thirteenth-century enameled copper repoussé plaque of Limousin origin (ca. 1220-1230) from the high altar of the abbey church of Grandmont, now in the Musée du Louvre, Paris:
http://tinyurl.com/q3yt83r
Detail view:
http://tinyurl.com/plqvyz7
53) as depicted (at upper left, overseeing the building of a church in India) in the earlier thirteenth-century St. Thomas the Apostle window (ca. 1225) in the basilique cathédrale Notre-Dame in Chartres (choir; bay 23):
http://tinyurl.com/pjk7hct
54) as depicted (lower register; Doubting Thomas) in an illumination in the earlier thirteenth-century so-called Latin Psalter of St. Louis and Blanche of Castile (ca. 1225?; Paris, BnF, ms. Arsenal 1186, fol. 26r):
http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b7100723j/f59.item.zoom
55) as depicted (at left; at right, St. James major) in the mid-thirteenth-century Carrow Psalter from East Anglia (Baltimore, Walters Art Museum, Walters ms. W.34, fol. 5v):
http://tinyurl.com/ho2ztj6
56) as portrayed in relief (Doubting Thomas) by Guido Bigarelli / Guido da Como on his mid-thirteenth-century pulpit (1250) in Pistoia's chiesa di San Bartolomeo in Pantano:
http://tinyurl.com/hy26tbh
57) as depicted in the mid-thirteenth-century Touke Psalter from Bruges (ca. 1250-1260; Baltimore, Walters Art Museum, Walters ms. W.36, fol. 90v):
http://tinyurl.com/pmdpzwq
58) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in a later thirteenth-century fresco (betw. 1260 and 1263) in the nave of the church of the Holy Apostles in the Patriarchate of Peć at Peć in, depending on one's view of the matter, either the Republic of Kosovo or Serbia's province of Kosovo and Metohija:
http://tinyurl.com/3ygpqnu
Detail view:
http://tinyurl.com/84uubjc
59) as portrayed in a silver gilt statuette on the later thirteenth-century copper gilt châsse of St. Remaclus (completed betw. 1263 and 1268) in the église Saint-Sébastien in Stavelot:
http://balat.kikirpa.be/image/thumbnail/G005241.jpg
Detail view:
http://balat.kikirpa.be/image/thumbnail/B109024.jpg
60) as depicted (martyrdom) in a late thirteenth-century copy of French origin of the _Legenda aurea_ (San Marino, [CA], Huntington Library, ms. HM 3027, fol. 5r [image greatly expandable]):
http://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/ds/huntington/images//000853A.jpg
61) as depicted (Doubting Thomas; martyrdom) in two illuminations in the late thirteenth-century Livre d'images de Madame Marie (ca. 1285-1290; Paris, BnF, ms. Nouvelle acquisition française 16251, fols. 47v, 71v):
a) Doubting Thomas:
http://tinyurl.com/2v3ua5b
b) martyrdom:
http://tinyurl.com/3agatae
62) as depicted in the late thirteenth- or very early fourteenth-century frescoes (ca. 1290-1305), attributed to Manuel Panselinos, in the Protaton church on Mt. Athos:
http://tinyurl.com/ogtnhjy
63) as depicted (at far left) in a detail of a scene of the Ascension in the late thirteenth- or very early fourteenth-century frescoes of the church of Agios Georgios in Anisaraki, a locality of Kantanos-Selino (Chania prefecture), Crete:
http://bvdongen.home.xs4all.nl/fresco/A11-e/slides/32-25.html
Detail view (Thomas):
http://bvdongen.home.xs4all.nl/fresco/A11-e/slides/32-26.html
64) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in a late thirteenth- or earlier fourteenth-century wall painting in the church of St Denys in Rotherfield (East Sussex):
http://www.paintedchurch.org/rotheinc.htm
65) as depicted (holding the Virgin's cincture) in the late thirteenth- or early fourteenth-century Rothschild Canticles, a devotional miscellany of Flemish or Rhineland origin (New Haven, CT, Beinecke Library, Beinecke MS 404, fol. 185v):
http://brbl-media.library.yale.edu/images/1011872_quarter.jpg
66) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) by Eutychios or Michael Astrapas in an early fourteenth-century panel painting from the church of Peribleptos in Ohrid, now in the Ohrid Icon Gallery:
http://tinyurl.com/o4w4fwz
There's a larger reproduction at p. 42 here (discussion on p. 41):
https://www.academia.edu/3764267/Icon_Gallery-Ohrid
67) as depicted (in panel at upper right; Doubting Thomas) on one of five detached leaves from the early fourteenth-century Ramsey Abbey Psalter (ca. 1300-1310; the latter is mostly preserved in the abbey of St. Paul im Lavanttal [Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. 58/1]) now in the Pierpont Morgan Library in New York (Morgan MS M.302, fol. 3v):
http://www.wga.hu/art/zgothic/miniatur/1251-300/1english/61englis.jpg
68) as depicted (upper register, second from right) on an early fourteenth-century icon for the Feast of the Twelve Apostles (betw. 1300 and 1325) in the State Pushkin Museum of Visual Art, Moscow:
http://tinyurl.com/pdcvspr
69) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in each of the two parts (in different codices) of the Breviary of Renaud de Bar, a very early fourteenth-century breviary (ca. 1302-1305?) for the Use of Verdun:
a) London, BL, MS Yates Thompson 8, fol. 267v:
http://molcat1.bl.uk/IllImages/Kslides%5Cbig/K107/K107268.jpg
b) Verdun, Bibliothèque municipale, ms. 107, fol. 90v:
http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/Wave/savimage/enlumine/irht7/IRHT_103029-p.jpg
70) as depicted by Duccio di Buoninsegna in two locations on his early fourteenth-century Maestà (betw. 1308 and 1311) for the cathedral of Siena, now in its Museo dell'Opera Metropolitana del Duomo:
a) in the uppermost register of the front side (bust):
http://tinyurl.com/q69bkaf
Greatly enlarged:
http://tinyurl.com/o64u7bf
b) on the rear crowning section (Doubting Thomas):
http://www.wga.hu/art/d/duccio/maesta/crown_v/cro_v_2.jpg
71) as depicted (at left; at right, St. James minor) in the earlier fourteenth-century windows (ca. 1310-1330) in the choir of the Divi-Blasii-Kirche in Mühlhausen (Lkr. Unstrut-Hainich) in Thüringen:
http://tinyurl.com/nuzkwlh
72) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) by a follower of Manuel Panselinos in the early fourteenth-century frescoes (1312) in the exonarthex of the Vatopedi monastery on Mt. Athos:
http://www.cuvantul-ortodox.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/TomaVatopedi2.jpeg
73) as depicted (martyrdom) in the earlier fourteenth-century frescoes (betw. ca. 1312 and 1321/1322) in the nave of the monastery church of the Theotokos at Gračanica in, depending upon one's view of the matter, either the Republic of Kosovo or Serbia's province of Kosovo and Metohija:
http://tinyurl.com/zvgaccg
74) as depicted (receiving the Virgin's cincture) in the earlier fourteenth-century De Lisle Hours (ca. 1313-1331; New York, Pierpont Morgan Library, Morgan MS G.50 fol. 162v):
http://ica.themorgan.org/manuscript/page/27/76993
75) as depicted by the workshop of Simone Martini in an early fourteenth-century panel painting (ca. 1317-1319) in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York:
http://images.metmuseum.org/CRDImages/ep/original/DP168803.jpg
76) as portrayed in relief (Doubting Thomas) by Tino da Camaino on his tomb for Gastone della Torre (betw. 1318 and 1320), now in the Museo dell'Opera di Santa Croce in Florence:
http://www.artandarchitecture.org.uk/images/conway/ad806d16.html
For views of even larger size, go to <http://www.bildindex.de/dokumente/html/obj07602104,T,002,T,001,T#|home>, scroll down to "Christus und der ungläubige Thomas", and click on the images.
77) as depicted (at left in the panel at lower left) in an earlier fourteenth-century pictorial menologion from Thessaloniki (betw. 1322 and 1340; Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Gr. th. f. 1, fol. 12r):
http://image.ox.ac.uk/images/bodleian/msgrthf1/12r.jpg
78) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in an earlier fourteenth-century copy of the _Legenda Aurea_ in its French-language version by Jean de Vignay (ca. 1326-1350; Paris, BnF, ms. Français 185, fol. 69v):
http://tinyurl.com/qxf2djr
79) as depicted (receiving the Virgin's cincture) in an earlier fourteenth-century tracery light (ca. 1326-1350) in the east window of the church of the Assumption of St Mary the Virgin, Beckley (Oxon):
http://tinyurl.com/nq48d9e
80) as depicted (bas-de-page illumination) in the earlier fourteenth-century Taymouth Hours seemingly from London or its vicinity (ca. 1326-1350; London, BL, MS Yates Thompson 13), fol. 39r):
http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/ILLUMIN.ASP?Size=mid&IllID=29010
http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/ILLUMINBig.ASP?size=big&IllID=29010
81) as portrayed in relief (Doubting Thomas) on the earlier fourteenth-century choir screen (ca. 1326-1350) in the cathédrale de Notre-Dame in Paris:
http://tinyurl.com/ml9mx4
82) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in an earlier fourteenth-century psalter and book of hours of southeastern French origin (ca. 1330-1340; Avignon, Bibliothèque-Mediathèque Municipale Ceccano, ms. 121, fol. 43r):
http://tinyurl.com/owcm2kh
83) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in an earlier fourteenth-century fresco (1330s) in the altar area of the church of the Hodegetria in the Patriarchate of Peć at Peć in, depending on one's view of the matter, either the Republic of Kosovo or Serbia's province of Kosovo and Metohija:
http://tinyurl.com/3y8b87m
84) as depicted (martyrdom) in an earlier fourteenth-century copy of Vincent of Beauvais' _Speculum historiale_ in its French-language version by Jean de Vignay (ca. 1335; Paris, BnF, ms. Arsenal 5080, fol. 84r):
http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b55000813g/f173.item.zoom
85) as depicted (receiving the Virgin's cincture) in the earlier fourteenth-century frescoes (betw. 1335 and 1350) of the nave in the church of the Holy Ascension at the Visoki Dečani monastery near Peć in, depending on one's view of the matter, either the Republic of Kosovo or Serbia's province of Kosovo and Metohija:
http://tinyurl.com/32q8c36
Detail view (at lower center right, the cincture in Thomas' outstretched hands):
http://tinyurl.com/2v9amyh
86) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) by a follower or followers of Meo da Siena in the mid-fourteenth-century frescoes (after 1340) in the nave of the upper church of the monastero di San Benedetto (or del Sacro Speco) at Subiaco (RO) in Lazio:
http://tinyurl.com/peuk62x
Detail view:
http://www.30giorni.it/upload/articoli_immagini_interne/37-03-012.jpg
87) as depicted (just left of center, handing the Virgin's cincture to its first custodian) in an earlier fourteenth-century panel painting (1337-1338) by Bernardo Daddi on a predella formerly in the chapel of the bishop's palace in Prato and since 1870 in Prato's Museo civico:
http://tinyurl.com/owgdj5k
88) as depicted (receiving the Virgin's cincture) as depicted by Maso di Banco in an earlier fourteenth-century panel painting (ca. 1337-1339) in the Gemäldegalerie in Berlin (prob. one of its pieces on display in the Bode):
http://www.wga.hu/art/m/maso/various/descent.jpg
89) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in a nearly full-page miniature in the mid-fourteenth-century Bible moralisée of Naples (ca. 1340-1350; Paris, BnF, ms. Français 956, fol. 187v):
http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b7200010r/f380.item.langFR.zoom
90) as depicted in a panel of a mid-fourteenth-century window (ca. 1340-1350) formerly in the Stadtpfarrkirche zum Hl. Leonhard in Bad Sankt Leonhard im Lavanttal (Kärnten) and now in the Cloisters Collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York:
http://www.burgenseite.com/glas/st_leonhard_thomas_glas_1.jpg
91) as depicted in semi-grisaille (Doubting Thomas) in a mid-fourteenth-century Franciscan missal of Parisian origin (ca. 1350; Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Douce 313, fol. 251r):
http://tinyurl.com/nhrykub
92) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in the later fourteenth-century frescoes (ca. 1350-1375) in the church of the Peribleptos at Mistra:
http://tinyurl.com/px6x8z8
93) as portrayed in relief in two panels thought to be from a later fourteenth-century exterior pulpit (1358-60) by Niccolò di Cecco del Mercia and his son on Prato's cathedral (the predecessor of Donatello's exterior pulpit on the same building), now in the Museo dell'Opera del Duomo in Prato:
a) Receiving the Virgin's cincture:
http://tinyurl.com/ob9mczy
b) Passing the cincture on to its first custodian:
http://tinyurl.com/p5jluvu
94) as depicted (lowest register, center; receiving the Virgin's cincture) by Bartolommeo Bulgarini in a later fourteenth-century panel painting (1360s) in the Pinacoteca nazionale in Siena:
http://www.wga.hu/art/b/bulgarin/v_girdle.jpg
95) as depicted in a later fourteenth-century Novgorod School panel painting (1360s?) in the Russian Museum in St. Petersburg:
http://www.icon-art.info/hires.php?lng=en&type=1&id=557
96) as depicted (lower register; above, St. Mark) in the later fourteenth-century frescoes (1360s and 1370s; restored in 1968-1970) in the church of St. Demetrius in Marko's Monastery at Markova Sušica (near Skopje) in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia:
http://tinyurl.com/p69svm8
97) as depicted by the Troyes Master in the late fourteenth-century Hours of Prigent de Coëtivy (ca. 1380-1400; Rennes, Bibliothèque de Rennes Métropole, ms. 1511, fol. 208v):
http://tinyurl.com/h6yfp3g
http://tinyurl.com/hz5k8a5
98) as portrayed in relief (third from right) on the late fourteenth- or early fifteenth-century tomb of St. Wendelin in his basilica in Sankt Wendel:
http://de.academic.ru/pictures/dewiki/83/St.Wendel_Dom_13.JPG
99) as portrayed in a statue (at center; at left, St. Jerome) in the late fourteenth- or early fifteenth-century St. Anthony Altar in the Stiftskirche St. Viktor in Xanten:
http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3501/3202697763_5fb56a413c_b.jpg
The altar (shutters opened):
http://mabuse.aminus3.com/image/2008-04-10.html
100) as depicted (at right; at left, St. Anthony of Egypt) in a panel painting, attributed to Jan Baegert of Wesel, on the outside of the left shutter of the late fourteenth- or early fifteenth-century St. Anthony Altar in the Stiftskirche St. Viktor in Xanten:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/ana_sudani/3206154490/
101) as portrayed in relief (Doubting Thomas) in a fifteenth-century roof boss in the cloisters of Norwich Cathedral:
http://www.english.cam.ac.uk/medieval/images/norwich-thomas.jpg
102) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in a seemingly fifteenth-century wall painting in the rupestrian romitorio di Selva Oscura at Bassiano (LT) in southern Lazio:
http://tinyurl.com/pc4d7oc
103) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in an early fifteenth-century Franciscan missal (ca. 1400-1415; Le Mans, Médiathèque municipale, ms. 249, fol. 126r):
http://tinyurl.com/nyrrez
104) as depicted (preaching in India) in an early fifteenth-century copy of frère Hayton, _Fleur des estoires de la terre d'Orient_ (ca. 1410-1412; Paris, BnF, ms. Français 2810, fols. 226r-267v., at fol. 228r):
http://tinyurl.com/pwetyws
105) as depicted (at left, about to receive the Virgin's cincture) in an early fifteenth-century missal for the Use of Gand / Ghent (Valenciennes, Bibliothèque de Valenciennes, ms. 122, fol. 27v):
http://tinyurl.com/qgnlm3z
106) as depicted (at upper left, holding the Virgin's cincture) in the early fifteenth-century Châteauroux Breviary (ca. 1414; Châteauroux, Bibliothèque municipale, ms. 2, fol. 282v):
http://tinyurl.com/l6v5m9
Detail view (Thomas with the cincture):
http://tinyurl.com/ljp8cp
107) as depicted in the early fifteenth-century frescoes (betw. 1416 and 1418) of the Holy Trinity chapel in Lublin castle:
http://tinyurl.com/pzmwm64
108) as depicted (martyrdom) in an early fifteenth-century copy (1419) of the _Elsässische Legenda aurea_ (Heidelberg, Universitätsbibliothek, Cod. Pal. germ. 144, fol. 262v):
http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/cpg144/0548
109) as depicted (at left; at right, St. Bartholomew) in the early fifteenth-century Apostles Window (1419) in the Liebfrauenkirche in Ravensburg:
http://tinyurl.com/neuq4am
110) as depicted (at far left, wearing and holding with his left hand the Virgin's cincture) in the earlier fifteenth-century Polyptych of the Madonna and Child, with Saints (ca. 1420-1425) in the Galleria regionale del Palazzo Bellomo in Siracusa:
http://tinyurl.com/qgw6og9
111) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) on an earlier fifteenth-century icon tablet (betw. 1426 and 1450) in the Sergiyev Posad State History and Art Museum in Sergiyev Posad (Moscow oblast):
http://www.icon-art.info/hires.php?lng=en&type=1&id=3338
112) as portrayed in relief (with a donor) on the earlier fifteenth-century bronze baptismal font (1427) in the Münsterkirche St. Alexandri in Einbeck (Lkr Northeim) in Niedersachsen:
http://tinyurl.com/o4hqu8k
113) as depicted (panel at top left; martyrdom) by Stefan Lochner on one of two earlier fifteenth-century altar wings (ca. 1435) depicting the martyrdoms of the Apostles, now in the Städel Museum in Frankfurt am Main (image greatly expandable):
https://www.flickr.com/photos/mazanto/10531657454/
114) as depicted (at left; at center, St. Andrew; at right, St. Bartholomew) in a mid-fifteenth-century fresco (1450, attributed to Cristoforo da Seregno) in the chiesa di San Bernardo in Monte Carasso (Canton Ticino):
https://www.flickr.com/photos/renzodionigi/3030969009/
115) as depicted (at lower left, receiving the Virgin's cincture) by Benozzo Gozzoli in the central panel of a mid-fifteenth-century altarpiece (ca. 1451) for the church of San Fortunato in Montefalco (PG) in Umbria and now in the Pinacoteca Vaticana:
http://www.wga.hu/art/g/gozzoli/1early/05cintol.jpg
http://www.wga.hu/art/g/gozzoli/1early/061cinto.jpg
116) as depicted (lower left, holding the Virgin's cincture) in two later fifteenth-century English alabaster panels of the Assumption of the BVM now in the Victoria and Albert Museum, London:
a) http://tinyurl.com/oemp9nc
b) http://tinyurl.com/n9pdt6o
117) as depicted (receiving the Virgin's cincture) by Filippo Lippi in his later fifteenth-century Madonna della Cintola (ca. 1456-1460) in Prato's Museo civico:
http://www.wga.hu/art/l/lippi/filippo/1450/4cintola.jpg
118) as depicted (at far right, receiving the Virgin's cincture) in the central panel of the later fifteenth-century altarpiece (1460) of the Dormition of the BVM in the St. Nikolaikirche in Kalkar (Lkr. Kleve), Nordrhein-Westfalen (NB: thanks to the subject matter of its two wings, this piece is sometimes called a St. Anthony altarpiece):
http://tinyurl.com/pjhmjl6
Detail view (Thomas):
https://www.flickr.com/photos/40922198@N00/3238731526
119) as depicted (at far right) in the later fifteenth-century apse frescoes (after 1458) in the rural pieve di Santa Maria di Vespiolla in Baldissero Canavese (TO) in Piedmont:
http://tinyurl.com/qhddx7l
110) as depicted (at right) in the later fifteenth-century apse frescoes (1461), attributed to Giovanni de Campo and workshop, in the chiesa dei Santi Nazzaro e Celso in Sologno, a _frazione_ of Caltignaga (NO) in Piedmont:
http://tinyurl.com/q9naexf
111) as portrayed (Doubting Thomas) by Andrea del Verrocchio in a pair of later fifteenth-century bronze statues (betw. 1467 and 1483) for one of the exterior niches of the chiesa di Orsanmichele in Florence and now inside in the Museo di Orsanmichele:
http://tinyurl.com/pvmx6jq
Detail view (Thomas):
http://tinyurl.com/pnqcalc
112) as portrayed (just left of center) on the later fifteenth-century bronze baptismal font (1469) in the Kreuzkirche St. Stephanus in Pilsum, a locality of Krummhörn (Lkr. Aurich) in Niedersachsen:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/40922198@N00/509609643
Detail view (Thomas):
https://www.flickr.com/photos/40922198@N00/2234623988
113) as depicted (lower register; Doubting Thomas) in the later fifteenth-century devotional book of Abbot Ulrich Rösch of St. Gall (1472; Einsiedeln, Stiftsbibliothek, Codex 285(1106), p. 208):
http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/sbe/0285/208/0
114) as depicted (lower register at center, looking up to the Virgin who is about to release her cincture) in a later fifteenth-century panel painting (ca. 1475) by Bartolomeo della Gatta (Pietro Dei) now in the Museo diocesano in Cortona:
http://www.wga.hu/art/b/bartolom/gatta/1assunta.jpg
115) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) by Luca Signorelli in a later fifteenth-century vault fresco (betw. 1477 and 1480) in the sagrestia di San Giovanni in the Santa Casa di Loreto at Loreto (AN) in the Marche:
http://www.wga.hu/art/s/signorel/loreto/1christ.jpg
116) as depicted (at right; at left, St. Simon the Apostle) on the later fifteenth-century chancel screen (ca. 1479) of in the church of St. Helen, Ranworth (Norfolk):
http://tinyurl.com/pjsyfgp
117) as portrayed in relief (Doubting Thomas) in a panel of the Brussels-made late fifteenth-century high altar (ca. 1480) of Strängnäs cathedral:
http://tinyurl.com/nmycqzr
118) as depicted by Martin Schongauer in a late fifteenth-century print from his series "The [Twelve] Apostles" (original ca. 1480; this copy in the collections of the Art Institute of Chicago):
http://tinyurl.com/nf2hf3m
119) as depicted (at left; at right, St. James minor) by Miguel Ximénez and workshop in panels of his and Martín Bernad's late fifteenth-century altarpiece of the Holy Cross (completed, 1487) for the parish church of Blesa (Teruel) and now, after dismemberment, mostly in the Museo de Zaragoza:
http://www.blesa.info/fotos/rgapost3.jpg
Detail view (Thomas):
http://tinyurl.com/hzjeflb
120) as twice depicted (lower left: Doubting Thomas; bottom register in upper panel: holding the Virgin's cincture) by Giovanni Canavesio in a late fifteenth-century fresco (betw. 1490 and 1492) in the choir of the chapelle Notre-Dame-des-Fontaines in La Brigue (Alpes-Maritimes):
http://tinyurl.com/zlqlskd
121) as depicted (martyrdom) in a hand-colored woodcut in the Beloit College copy of Hartmann Schedel's late fifteenth-century _Weltchronik_ (_Nuremberg Chronicle_; 1493) at fol. CVIv:
http://tinyurl.com/ombshtu
122) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in a late fifteenth-century icon (ca. 1497) from the Great Feasts range on the iconostasis of the Dormition cathedral of the Kirillo-Belozersky monastery at Kirillov (Vologda oblast) and now in the Kirillov-Belozersky Museum of History, Art and Architecture:
http://mini-site.louvre.fr/sainte-russie/COMMUN/zoom_png/38.png
At much higher resolution:
http://www.icon-art.info/hires.php?lng=en&type=1&id=5024
123) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) by assistants of the painter Dionisy in a late fifteenth-century icon (1500) in the Russian State Museum in St. Petersburg, from the Great Feasts range of the dismantled iconostasis of the Trinity cathedral in the St. Paul Obnorsk (Pavlo-Obnorsky) monastery at Obnorsk (Vologda oblast):
http://www.dionisy.com/eng/dionisy/1014/index_photos.shtml?06
http://www.icon-art.info/hires.php?lng=en&type=1&id=401
124) as portrayed in relief (receiving the Virgin's cincture) by Andrea della Robbia on a very late fifteenth- or very early sixteenth-century glazed terracotta altar in the Liebighaus in Frankfurt am Main:
http://tinyurl.com/ozzxzwj
125) as portrayed (second from right) in the very late fifteenth- or very early sixteenth-century statues of the apostles (betw. 1498 and 1509) in the south porch of the chapelle St.-Herbot in Saint-Herbot, a locality of Plonévez-du-Faou (Finistère):
http://tinyurl.com/ov8nw29
126) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) in the late fifteenth- or early sixteenth-century vault paintings of the Petrus- en Pauluskerk in Loppersum (prov. Groningen):
http://tinyurl.com/qcphjwu
127) as depicted (third from left) in the early sixteenth-century panel paintings (from a chancel screen?) in the church of All Saints, Hilton (Dorset):
https://www.flickr.com/photos/spenvalleywanderer/9182621619/
128) as portrayed in relief (at left; at right, St. Jude with his axe) in the seemingly earlier sixteenth-century stone retable mounted above the entrance to the église de la Nativité-de-Notre-Dame in Balléville (Vosges):
http://tinyurl.com/p3cvzkp
129) as portrayed in high relief in the early sixteenth-century choir stalls (betw. 1501 and 1507) in the St. Martinskirche in Memmingen in southwestern Bavaria:
http://tinyurl.com/gtyothv
130) as depicted on two panels of an earlier sixteenth-century altar (ca. 1505-1510) in the Filialkirche St. Thomas in Obere Fellach, a locality of Villach (Kärnten):
a) Serving communion:
http://tarvos.imareal.oeaw.ac.at/server/images/7003712.JPG
b) Martyrdom:
http://tarvos.imareal.oeaw.ac.at/server/images/7003706.JPG
131) as depicted (at far right) in the earlier sixteenth-century apse frescoes (betw. 1515 and 1524), attributed to the brothers Cagnola, in the chiesa di San Marcello papa in Paruzzaro (NO) in Piedmont:
http://tinyurl.com/p22o525
132) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) on an earlier sixteenth-century Italian majolica dish (ca. 1520) in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York:
http://tinyurl.com/oh597le
Another view:
http://www.christianiconography.info/december2001/thomas.jpg
133) as portrayed by Jean Huilier on an earlier sixteenth-century stall end (ca. 1520) in the l'église Saint-Pierre-et-Saint-Paul in Orbais l'Abbaye (Marne):
http://tinyurl.com/na4f2ud
134) as portrayed (Doubting Thomas) by the Master of Dingolfing in an earlier sixteenth-century limewood sculpture (ca. 1520) in the Germanisches Nationalmuseum in Nürnberg:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/hen-magonza/21506705434
Detail view:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/hen-magonza/21941350240
135) as depicted (at left; at right, St. Andrew) in the earlier sixteenth-century frescoes (1522) of Skive Kirke, Skive (Midtjylland):
http://tinyurl.com/p7jmu5l
Not part of a Doubting Thomas scene as such but Thomas' depiction here was certainly informed by that episode.
136) as depicted (Doubting Thomas) by Thomas of Villach in an earlier sixteenth-century fresco (1527) in the Pfarrkirche Heiliger Andreas in Thörl-Maglern-Greuth, a _Gemeinde_ of Arnoldstein (Land Kärnten):
http://tinyurl.com/q8yf438
137) as depicted (at far left) by Thomas of Villach in an earlier sixteenth-century panel painting in the Museum der Stadt Villach, Villach:
http://tinyurl.com/nclyhxn
Another view:
http://tinyurl.com/oc2bmtt
138) as depicted by Theofanis Strelitzas-Bathas (a.k.a. Theophanes the Cretan) in the mid-sixteenth-century frescoes (1545 and 1546) of the katholikon of the Stavronikita monastery on Mt. Athos:
http://days.pravoslavie.ru/jpg/ib2104.jpg
139) as depicted (martyrdom scene) by George / Tzortzis the Cretan in the mid-sixteenth-century frescoes (1546/47) in the katholikon of the Dionysiou monastery on Mt. Athos:
http://tinyurl.com/ob8wjr8
140) as depicted by Hans Maler of Randers (at left; at right, St. James minor) in the mid-sixteenth-century frescoes (1548) of the choir of Sulsted kirke, Sulsted (Nordjylland):
http://aalborgstift.dk/assets/kirker/aalborgnordre/sulsted/6876sulsted.jpg
Best,
John Dillon
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