A PhD (3 years) position is available in the "Physico-chemistry of
plasmas" group in CORIA laboratory at Rouen, France:

"ITER-relevant LIBS development in ultra-short regime:
experiment, theory and modeling"

Arnaud Bultel^1 , Ioan Schneider^2

^1 CORIA, UMR CNRS 6614, Normandie Université, Université de Rouen,
76801 Saint-Etienne du Rouvray cedex (http://www.coria.fr/spip.php?article1039)
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^2 LOMC, UMR CNRS 6294, Nomandie Université, Université du Havre, 76063
Le Havre cedex (http://www.lomc.fr/)
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*Context*
	In order to satisfy safety constraints in terms of radioactivity, the
future ITER tokamak will be equipped with devices able to monitor the
implantation of Tritium into the wall of the reactor. The related
measurements will be mainly performed in the divertor, where the highest
fluxes in particles and energy will be obtained, and this part of the
reactor will contain Tungsten and Carbon. Large concentrations of
Tritium are expected, with a mole fraction higher than 0.1 for a typical
thickness of the order of 10 microns.
	Nowadays, the Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) technique
seems to be the most appropriate to perform this type of measurements.
This technique is based on the laser-matter interaction under high
irradiance, resulting in the solid ®liquid ®gas ®plasma transition and
to the emission of a strong radiation, the spectroscopic analysis of
which can provide the determination of the multi-elemental composition
of the treated sample.
	Most of the current techniques use a nanosecond laser source. However,
tests performed in existing tokamaks have proved that such pulses are
too long. Therefore, the CORIA laboratory is testing the ultra-short
(pico and femtosecond) laser pulses for the specific measurements in
tokamaks.
	In parallel with these experimental developments, the CORIA and LOMC
laboratories are collaborating in order to elaborate a complete model of
the laser-induced plasma in order to arrive to a deep understanding of
the behavior of the plasma and especially in order to estimate the
departure from thermodynamic equilibrium. Our ECHREM code (Euler code
for CHemically REactive Multicomponent laser-induced plasmas)couples a
state-to-state approach of the chemistry within the plasma to the
radiation, the shock wave propagation preceding the expansion of the
plasma, and the expansion itself for time scales from 10^-12 s until
10^-6 s. So far, only Tungsten and Aluminum (for benchmark purposes) are
implemented in this code.

*PhD objectives*
	The proposed PhD-project aims at developing as much as possible the LIBS
technique under ultra-short regime for the tokamak environment from both
experimental and modeling points of view. Its major steps are the following:
	(1) A complete experimental program will be performed on the
Laser-Induced Plasmas – LIBS facility available at the
CORIA laboratory. This facility will be modified in order to reproduce
the tokamak environment (high magnetic field). Representative samples of the
ITER tokamak (W and C) implanted with light elements such as H, D and He prepared at
the GANIL laboratory (Caen, France) or having undergone implantation
within the TORE-SUPRA-WEST tokamak at Cadarache (France), will be tested.
	(2) The results obtained from these measurements will be compared with
those produced by the ECHREM code after its adaptation to the typical tokamak
conditions and to the Tungsten and Carbon elements.
	This work will be mainly performed at the CORIA laboratory, and also
partly at the LOMC laboratory.

*Candidate*
	The candidate should have received a Master degree in Engineering or
Science (Physics or Chemistry). Background in Plasma Physics, Optics and
Spectroscopy are welcome but not mandatory.

*Net salary*: 1380 € per month over 36 months for three years.

*Starting date & duration:*  October 2016, 36 months.

-- 
Ioan F. SCHNEIDER, Professeur de Physique,
Groupe de recherche PROCESSUS REACTIFS,
Laboratoire ONDES & MILIEUX COMPLEXES (LOMC) CNRS-UMR-6294,
UFR Sciences & Techniques, Université du Havre, 25, rue Philippe Lebon,
BP 1123, 76063 Le Havre cedex, France.
Tél: +33 (0)2.32.74-4313, (0)2.35.21-7128; Mobile: +33 (0)6.61.50.53.99
Fax: +33 (0)2.32.74-4314; e-mail: [log in to unmask]
http://www.univ-lehavre.fr

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