Hi Chris,
On the note of triangulation, this reference may fit your research in
addition to Luke's and Teena's:
Wilson, H.S. and Hutchinson, S.A. (2006) *Triangulation of Qualitative
Methods: Heiddeggerian Hermeneutics and Grounded Theory*, in Mixed Methods,
Bryman, A., Sage Publications Ltd, London, pp 243-254.
Some chapters/papers in this series of Alan Bryman's Mixed methods could
also be useful.
Priscilla
On 26 November 2013 16:08, Chris Rust <[log in to unmask]> wrote:
> Thanks Luke, that's a really helpful and thoughtful response and we'll
> give it some serious thought.
> The triangulation that I'm implying isn't quite what you are seeing as
> it's comparing the original researcher's observations of the event with the
> observations of the expert panel. It is a strategy for reinforcing the
> coding.
> But I would say it's fairly implicit as triangulation goes and I'm happy
> to say that the term is more a metaphor than a precise description in this
> case. We aren't explicitly comparing two sets of data, rather we are
> subsuming them into a single analysis and researcher's understanding of the
> events is emergent so it moves from something personal and latent to
> something shared and explicit but a bit messy then back to a personal
> conclusion which needs to be more coherent.
> It wouldn't be so interesting if it was any other way :o)
> Chris
>
> .........................Chris RustDriver, Nether Edge
> [log in to unmask]
>
> > Date: Tue, 26 Nov 2013 12:28:13 +1100
> > From: [log in to unmask]
> > Subject: Re: Using expert reviewers for triangulation in qualitative
> research
> > To: [log in to unmask]
> >
> > Dear Chris,
> >
> > This note is more of a general thought on Triangulation and how expert
> > opinion can be used in argumentation.
> >
> > Triangulation refers to using multiple approaches to reduce bias of any
> one
> > approach and so to increase confidence in the findings. Denzin (cited in
> > Bryman, 2003) distinguished four types of triangulation.
> >
> > 1. Data Triangulation. Gathering data through several sampling
> strategies,
> > for example, collecting data from multiple cases.
> > 2. Investigator Triangulation. More than one researcher gathering and
> > interpreting data.
> > 3. Theoretical Triangulation. Using more than one theoretical position to
> > interpret data.
> > 4. Methodological Triangulation. Using more than one method to gather
> data.
> >
> > Methodological Triangulation tends to be the most common meaning of the
> > term. Methodological Triangulation usually aims to contrast methods, for
> > example, an interview and a questionnaire.
> >
> > From what I understand, you have collected two records. Record 1, a video
> > of some design activity. Record 2, a video of a meeting between a panel
> of
> > experts who are exposed to a stimulus, namely, Record 1.
> >
> > To me, this sounds more or less like Methodological Triangulation of
> > observation and focus group methods.
> >
> > I think using the two records as Data Triangulation for an investigation
> > into collaboration, i.e. video 1 observed collaboration and the experts
> > "collaborated" during their discussion in video 2, would be problematic
> > because the two cases are too different to be compared.
> >
> > Selecting a sample of experts for the focus group is an appeal to expert
> > opinion. Arguments based on expert testimony are inherently more
> subjective
> > than deductively valid arguments or inductively confirmed arguments based
> > on evidence that is highly probably. An appeal to expert opinion should
> not
> > be seen an a substitute for getting factual evidence, that being the
> case,
> > expert testimony can be a valuable guide to seek information. Of course,
> > appeal to expert testimony is used extensively in law.
> >
> > An argument based on an appeal to expert opinion can evaluated using
> series
> > of critical questions (Walton, 2006, p. 88). How credible is the he/she
> as
> > a source? Is he/she an expert in the field that he/she is asserting
> > something about? Is he/she personally reliable as a source? Is his/her
> > testimony consistent with what other experts assert? Is the expert's
> > assertion based on evidence?
> >
> > In this situation, Data Triangulation would be criticised for subscribing
> > to a naive realist position because it assumes that sets of data from
> quite
> > different methods and contexts can be unambiguously compared. However, as
> > Methodological Triangulation the observation and expert opinion to can be
> > seen to add richness and complexity to an inquiry.
> >
> > Regards,
> > Luke
> >
> >
> > Bryman, A. (2003). Triangulation. *The Sage encyclopedia of social
> science
> > research methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage*.
> >
> > Walton, D. N. (2006). *Fundamentals of critical argumentation*.
> Cambridge;
> > New York: Cambridge University Press.
> >
> >
> >
> > On 26 November 2013 08:34, Teena Clerke <[log in to unmask]> wrote:
> >
> > > Hi Chris,
> > >
> > > while not in the area of design research or ‘expert review',
> collaborative
> > > reflexive video research in health communication is a well established
> > > field that might be helpful. I recommend the work of Rick Iedema and
> > > Katherine Carroll, of the Centre for Health Communication at the
> University
> > > of Technology, Sydney (UTS) – see below – and Nick Hopwood, my
> colleague in
> > > the Centre for Research in Learning and Change at UTS. Nick and I
> worked
> > > together on video ethnography – one paper below.
> > >
> > > You might also look at Gillian Rose’s visual methods and Sarah Pink’s
> work
> > > on visual methodologies. And papers presented at the recent Visual
> > > Methodologies conference in September this year in Wellington NZ, at
> which
> > > Sarah presented.
> > >
> > > I hope this is helpful,
> > > cheers, teena
> > >
> > > Hopwood, N. (In press). Using video to trace the embodied and material
> in
> > > a study of health practice. Qualitative Research Journal.
> > >
> > > Juhasz A, Heath C & Iedema R (2009) Post-script: the significance of
> video
> > > research methodology for health and social science. International
> Journal
> > > for Multiple Research Approaches 3(3): 321-324.
> > >
> > > Iedema R, Merrick E, Rajbhandari D, Gardo A, Stirling A, Herkes R.
> (2009)
> > > Viewing the taken-for-granted from under a different aspect: a
> video-based
> > > method in pursuit of patient safety. International Journal for Multiple
> > > Research Approaches. 3(3), pp. 290-301.
> > >
> > > Carroll, K., Iedema, R., & Kerridge, R. (2008). Reshaping ICU ward
> round
> > > practices using video reflexive ethnography. Qualitative Health
> Research,
> > > 18(3), 380-390.
> > >
> > > Iedema, R., Forsyth, R., Georgiou, A., Braithwaite, J., and Westbrook,
> J.
> > > (2007) Video research in health: Visibilizing the effects of
> computerizing
> > > clinical care. Qualitative Research Journal. 6(2): pp. 15-30.
> > >
> > > Iedema, R., Long, D., Forsyth, R., & Lee, B. (2006). Visibilizing
> clinical
> > > work: Video ethnography in the contemporary hospital. Health Sociology
> > > Review. 15(2): 156-168.
> > >
> > > Delaney,G., Jacob, S., Iedema, R., Winters,M. and Barton, M. (2004),
> “A
> > > Comparison of Face-to-face and Video-conferenced Multi-disciplinary
> > > Clinical meetings.” Australasian Radiology 48: 487-492
> > > Pink, S. (2001). Doing visual ethnography: images, media, and
> > > representation in research. London; Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage.
> > >
> > > Pink, S. (Ed.). (2012). Advances in visual ethnography. London;
> Thousand
> > > Oaks; Singapore: Sage Publications Ltd.
> > >
> > >
> > > Rose, G. (2012). Visual methodologies. An introduction to researching
> with
> > > visual methods (3 ed.). London; Thousand Oaks, Calif.; New Delhi;
> > > Singapore: Sage Publications Ltd.
> > >
> > >
> > > On 26 Nov 2013, at 1:06 am, Chris Rust <[log in to unmask]> wrote:
> > >
> > > > In the present case the researcher was exploring the value of
> mockups in
> > > particular kinds of collaboration. He conducted some codesign workshops
> > > where he took the part of the designer/facilitator working with an
> expert
> > > surgeon to explore new designs of surgical simulators (anatomical
> models)
> > > through the use of mockups. Subsequently he convened a group of
> experienced
> > > designers to view the video material and recorded their reactions and
> > > observations to help identify key events and instances of "designerly"
> > > thinking by the participants. He has used the expert discussion (also
> on
> > > video) as another layer in his analysis of the original video, video
> > > squared like this is useful as the two have their event timings in
> sync.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > -----------------------------------------------------------------
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> > >
> >
> >
> >
> > --
> >
> > Luke Feast | Lecturer | Early Career Development Fellow | PhD Candidate |
> > Faculty of Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne,
> Australia
> > | [log in to unmask] | Ph: +61 3 9214 6165 |
> > http://www.swinburne.edu.au/design/
> >
> >
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