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PHD-DESIGN  December 2012

PHD-DESIGN December 2012

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Subject:

Re: the first Design maxim

From:

Eduardo Corte-Real <[log in to unmask]>

Reply-To:

PhD-Design - This list is for discussion of PhD studies and related research in Design <[log in to unmask]>

Date:

Mon, 3 Dec 2012 20:26:32 +0000

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Hello Lily, Terry and Jean
I did not mention Vasari but I should. Not only because he theorises disegno after almost one and half century of discussions in Italy on the subject since Ceninno Cennini's Libro del Arte, but also because He introduced a new sort of disegni that he calls scchizzi wich correspond to what English language designate as Sketches. Vasari was certainly one of Wotton's sources since his Vite were published in the 1550's with great success. But I think that the direct influences came from the Venetians Daniele Barbaro (Vitruvius translator) an obviously Andrea Palladio. Federico Zuccari (that visited England and even made a preparatory drawing for a portrait of Elizabeth I) published also a treatise on art in which he teorises about disegno as the sign of God - di (dio, god)) segno (sign) in the humans in the early 1600's.
Vasari and Zuccari are also important because they are linked respectively to the foundation of the Academies of Disegno in Florence and Rome.
As for designare, i found no evidence of the word in the latin version of vitruvius treatise, for instance. Also renaissane authors that write in Latin like Alberti do not use the word. A comon missconception is the one that di segno derives from designare. The prefix di is a neo latin novelty that indicates action as in di pinto or dipingere. So my guess is that di-segno has nothing to do with designare that originated design in the sense of designation.
The confusion of disegno and designare results from the way we pronounce the letters i and e in neolation and english languages which is the same sound. By the way, one of the only examples that the english E is pronounced in portuguese in the same way, is in the name Eduardo. I like very much to hear my name pronounced as A duardo by English speaking friends but the correct pronouciation is Ee duardo.
And finally Jean. Truth stands for the Ethical and Grace for the Aesthetical. 
Best,
Eduardo
Enviado via iPad

Em 03/12/2012, às 16:17, Terence Love <[log in to unmask]> escreveu:

> Hi Eduardo,
> Wow - thanks for the history lesson. I'm wondering about earlier. 
> As a design historian, wondering if you have anything on the original
> meaning of design from designare in Latin circa 100 b.c? 
> Cheers,
> Terry
> -----Original Message-----
> From: PhD-Design - This list is for discussion of PhD studies and related
> research in Design [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Eduardo
> Corte-Real
> Sent: Monday, 3 December 2012 11:34 PM
> To: Dr Terence Love
> Subject: Re: the first Design maxim
> 
> Hi Terry,
> "Boy, your words can't excuse the harm you've done to me. So now turn and
> /draw your sword/ " Romeu and Juliet, Act 3, scene 2, page 3.
> I agree partially with your first paragraph but not with the second. At the
> time Wotton wrote, the noun drawing was already established as a graphic
> representation of anything. However the word Design (related to the arts and
> sciences) was starting to be used in English language. 
> Wotton's maxim refers to Painting (Picture) and reflects the Italian
> conflict between disegno (Tuscan) and colore (Venetian) that he tries to
> solve by praising both. I have no doubt that it was Wotton and his
> generation that imported the Italian concept of Disegno.  and from then on,
> Design, from the early 1600's to the early 1800's, meant "drawing for fine
> arts -  Architecture, Painting, Sculpture and Engraving later". 
> At the same time the older uses of words that weren't spelled Design in the
> 1500's but become to be spelled as Design in 1700's as "things to be done"
> or "mark out" were used much more often.
> The other reason Wotton adopts disegno is because drawing has precisely and
> emphasis on gesture and not on meaning as disegno has. Another reason for
> this is that Wotton advocates Italian Classic architecture. 
> The word drawing is simply not enough to give the intellectual and, why not,
> elegant relevance of disegno. In earlier years Richard Haydocke?s
> translation of Giovanni Paolo Lomazzo?s (1598) Treatise on Painting, drawing
> is always used to translate disegno except when disegno is used as
> "project". Wotton, ambassador in Venice notes therefore that in English
> there is no word that encompasses the same way as disegno both graphic
> representation and idea. That's why he uses it mentioning Elegance.
> I used this maxim, naturally to poke some of you. Not because of this
> intimate relation between drawing and design but because of Truth and Grace.
> Anybody interested in discuss Truth and Grace in contemporary design or for
> that matter in design research and Design PhD's?
> Best,
> Eduardo
> 
> 
> Em 03-12-2012 12:27, Terence Love escreveu:
>> Hi Eduardo,
>> 
>> Isn't the origin of the word 'draw'  from the physically-based idea 
>> meaning 'to pull something toward one'  rather that the activity of 
>> sketching?Most meanings of the word going back to the Old English  and 
>> Old Norse  mean to 'pull something towards you' ( as in draw a sled or 
>> draw water) rather than 'create a picture' . The application of the 
>> term  'draw' to sketching appears to be a rather later possibly 
>> colloquial use outside their original meanings?.
>> 
>> This suggests, the idea of 'pulling something' towards a solution (as 
>> in
>> 'design') may also be  independent of the idea of sketching and that 
>> the terms 'design' and 'drawing'  (in the sketching sense) are a later 
>> colloquial application of those terms?
>> 
>> I've no formal confirmation of it but apparently a  similar difference 
>> and sequence of changes of meaning is found in Persian/Farsi and 
>> Arabic from around 1000 AD.
>> 
>> Perhaps Ken has more details?
>> 
>> Cheers,
>> Terry
>> 
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: PhD-Design - This list is for discussion of PhD studies and 
>> related research in Design [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On 
>> Behalf Of Eduardo Corte-Real
>> Sent: Monday, 3 December 2012 6:32 PM
>> To: Dr Terence Love
>> Subject: Re: the first Design maxim
>> 
>> The first design maxim (using the word design) was (maybe) by Sir 
>> Henry Wotton in the early 1600´s:
>> 
>> /Therefore first (to beginne with Picture) we are to observe whether 
>> it bee well *drawne*, (or as more elegant artisans tearme it) well 
>> *Design'd; *Then whether be well Coloured, which bee the two general 
>> Heads; and each one of the hath two principall Requisites; for in well 
>> *Designing*, there must bee Truth and Grace, in well Colouring, Force, 
>> and Affection; All other praises, are but consequences of these.
>> 
>> 
>> Remenber friends well drawne and..."Truth and Grace"
>> Eduardo/
>> 
>> Wotton, Henry 1623, /The Elements of Architecture/, facsimile edition, 
>> Farnborough, Hants. :Gregg International Publishers, 1969
> 
> 
> --
> Eduardo Côrte-Real
> Prof. Doctor
> IADE, Lisboa
> 
> 
> 
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