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FOOD DRINK NUTRITION DIET: DIET:
Low-Salt Diet Ineffective, Study Finds. Disagreement Abounds
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Low-Salt Diet Ineffective, Study Finds. Disagreement Abounds
By GINA KOLATA
Published: May 3, 2011
New York Times
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/04/health/research/04salt.html
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A new study found that low-salt diets increase the risk of death from
heart attacks and strokes and do not prevent high blood pressure, but the
researchs limitations mean the debate over the effects of salt in the diet
is far from over.
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In fact, officials at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention felt
so strongly that the study was flawed that they criticized it in an
interview, something they normally do not do.
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Dr. Peter Briss, a medical director at the centers, said that the study
was small; that its subjects were relatively young, with an average age of
40 at the start; and that with few cardiovascular events, it was hard to
draw conclusions. And the study, Dr. Briss and others say, flies in the
face of a body of evidence indicating that higher sodium consumption can
increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
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At the moment, this study might need to be taken with a grain of salt, he
said.
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The study is published in the May 4 issue of The Journal of the American
Medical Association. It involved only those without high blood pressure at
the start, was observational, considered at best suggestive and not
conclusive. It included 3,681 middle-aged Europeans who did not have high
blood pressure or cardiovascular disease and followed them for an average
of 7.9 years.
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The researchers assessed the participants sodium consumption at the studys
start and at its conclusion by measuring the amount of sodium excreted in
urine over a 24-hour period. All the sodium that is consumed is excreted
in urine within a day, so this method is the most precise way to determine
sodium consumption.
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The complete article may be read at the URL above.
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Fatal and Nonfatal Outcomes, Incidence of Hypertension, and Blood Pressure
Changes in Relation to Urinary Sodium Excretion
Katarzyna Stolarz-Skrzypek, MD, PhD; Tatiana Kuznetsova, MD, PhD; Lutgarde
Thijs, MSc; Valie Tikhonoff, MD, PhD; Jitka Seidlerov MD, PhD; Tom
Richart, MD; Yu Jin, MD; Agnieszka Olszanecka, MD, PhD; Sofia Malyutina,
MD, PhD; Edoardo Casiglia, MD, PhD; Jan Filipovsk MD, PhD; Kalina
Kawecka-Jaszcz, MD, PhD; Yuri Nikitin, MD, PhD; Jan A. Staessen, MD, PhD
for the European Project on Genes in Hypertension (EPOGH) Investigators
JAMA. 2011;305(17):1777-1785. doi: 10.1001/jama.2011.574
Journal of the American Medical Association
http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/305/17/1777.short
Context
Extrapolations from observational studies and short-term intervention
trials suggest that population-wide moderation of salt intake might reduce
cardiovascular events.
Objective
To assess whether 24-hour urinary sodium excretion predicts blood pressure
(BP) and health outcomes.
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snip
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Conclusions
In this population-based cohort, systolic blood pressure, but
not diastolic pressure, changes over time aligned with change in sodium
excretion, but this association did not translate into a higher risk of
hypertension or CVD complications. Lower sodium excretion was associated
with higher CVD mortality.
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