The View from Europe
By David Jessop
 
For the last year Europe and the Caribbean have been working on what in effect 
is a political partnership agreement. 

 
This far reaching Treaty, which is relatively unknown in the Caribbean and in 
Europe, is intended to provide a framework for a long term political 
relationship between The EU and the nations of Cariforum, including the Overseas 
Territories of Britain and the Netherlands, the French Département d'outre-mer 
(the DOM) and, some suggest, Cuba. 

 
The process began formally in March 2010 in Kingston, Jamaica with what was 
billed as a high-level political dialogue.
 
Then a small number of Cariforum and European Ministers and officials agreed 
that there was a need to formalise a dialogue between the Caribbean and Europe 
in the light of an earlier European agreement with Latin America and the 
Caribbean  on the need to establish mechanisms ‘for a structured and 
comprehensive political dialogue’. 

 
In a communiqué issued after that meeting, the EU Council noted that the 
decision to establish a strategic partnership reflected a joint desire to 
strengthen an already stable relationship. It also suggested that a far reaching 
partnership would involve co-operation in a variety of areas and that a joint 
outline would be presented to the Heads of Government when they met in Madrid in 
May 2010.
 
A few months later senior figures from Europe and the Caribbean attending the EU 
Latin American and Caribbean summit agreed at a prior EU-Cariforum summit, the 
outline of a joint Caribbean-EU partnership strategy.
 
In summary, the agreement stated that while there were existing institutional 
arrangements such as the ACP-EU Cotonou Convention,  the EU-Cariforum Economic 
Partnership Agreement (EPA), strong bilateral relations with EU member states 
such as the UK,  France and the Netherlands, close ties through Overseas 
Territories and the French DOM, and other broader hemispheric agreements, there 
was a need for a long-term agreement that would link Europe and the whole 
Caribbean region together through a ‘broader and deeper political dialogue’.
 
In an echo of the institutional framework established in the EPA, it was made 
clear that this will involve the creation of a basis for dialogue with a wide 
range of Caribbean interests including parliamentarians, officials, Ministers, 
Heads of Government, and non state actors.
 
It was also agreed in Madrid that there would be ‘shared priorities’ in specific 
areas including regional integration and co-operation in the wider Caribbean; 
the reconstruction of Haiti; on climate change and natural disasters; crime and 
security; and on a wide range of other issues from human rights to reform of the 
United Nations and the completion of the Doha Round.
 
Since that time, work has been proceeding on a working draft for the 
establishment of a joint Caribbean EU partnership strategy. In sometimes opaque, 
sometimes highly specific language, early versions of this document paint a 
picture of a shared EU Caribbean vision.  It makes clear that the joint 
Caribbean-EU Partnership Strategy will have far reaching implications for 
development, co-operation and dialogue and that what will be agreed finally will 
accompany all relevant current and future legal development and co-operation 
frameworks.
 
It is a development that takes place at a time when it is far from clear how the 
Caribbean ought to best to position itself in the world. 

 
Global interrelationships are in flux, trading patterns are changing, new powers 
are emerging and individual Caribbean nations are just starting to consider how 
to balance their relationships between Europe, North America, China, Brazil, 
India and others. It also comes at a time when Europe and the US’s global 
influence on international issues and in multilateral institutions are waning.
 
Last month, the Institute of International Relations of the University of the 
West Indies and the Maastricht based European Centre for Development Policy 
Management held a seminar to consider the challenges involved in the effective 
implementation of a joint Caribbean-EU strategy. 

 
The workshop report suggests that those participating felt that despite the rise 
of other states, the EU remained a significant player in the Caribbean, was an 
exemplar, an important trading power, a source of funding, and a willing 
promoter of shared values. Europe was also of geo-political significance as it 
continued to serve as a counter weight to US power in the region. 

 
Participants however,  recognised the challenge that the Caribbean’s growing 
engagement with non - traditional partners may cause and that this may result in 
decreased attention to a joint strategy with Europe.
 
In this context, it would seem from the report that there was a consensus that 
as yet the BRICs group – Brazil, Russia, China, India, South Africa - was not a 
cohesive force able to project power overseas, had not yet developed long-term 
coherent development programmes and played a lesser role in exporting and 
investing in the Caribbean.
 
What was recognised - space does not enable me to justice to many of the thought 
provoking conclusions of the work shop - was that as with all else relating to 
the Caribbean, implementation of any agreed strategy may be difficult because of 
the failings of the regional integration process.  There was also a concern that 
the lack of appropriate political backing at the highest political levels in the 
EU and the Caribbean will hinder the successful execution of the joint strategy 
along with human and financial resource constraints.
 
The development of this little known new policy initiative with Europe is 
worrying for exactly the same reasons that were present during the EPA 
negotiations. It suggests yet again that the Caribbean is sleep walking into a 
strategically important arrangement when the world around it is changing and 
before it has a clear future strategy of its own.
 
While it is of course to be welcomed that Europe and the Caribbean wish to 
deepen their many shared values and their already deep functional relationship, 
the proposed partnership suggests something more fundamental and far reaching as 
it appears to commit the Caribbean to a range of politically oriented actions in 
a wide number of areas for the foreseeable future. 

 
The relationship being proposed with Europe needs to be better known, publicly 
debated and fully understood in every county and territory in the region. 

 
David Jessop is the Director of the Caribbean Council and can be contacted at 
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Previous columns can be found at www.caribbean-council.org
27th May, 2011