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MEDICAL: CONDITIONS: OBESITY :
TOBACCO CIGARETTES CIGARS AND SMOKING: HEALTH AND MEDICAL ISSUES :
HEALTH: LIFE EXPECTANCY :
MEDICAL: RESEARCH:
Obesity And Past Smoking Undermine American Poor Lifespan Figures




Obesity And Past Smoking Undermine American Poor Lifespan Figures
Main Category: Smoking / Quit Smoking
Also Included In: Public Health;  Seniors / Aging
Article Date: 25 Jan 2011 - 22:00 PST
Medical News Today
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/214733.php



US people's shorter lifespans, when compared to rival countries is in 
great part because people in America used to smoke a lot, as well as 
having considerably higher than global average rates of obesity, says a 
new report issued by the National Research Council. Although life 
expectancy at age 50 has been rising in the USA over the last two or three 
decades, other countries have been pulling ahead at a faster rate.



These figures are surprising, given that the USA spends a considerably 
higher percentage of GDP than its rivals. The National Institute on Aging 
says it plans to find out why this is so.



During the 60s and 70s smoking prevalence was considerably higher in the 
USA than in Japan or Western Europe. The effects of a past history of 
smoking often linger for several decades, the authors explain. The 
difference in life expectancy today between European/Japanese and American 
women is mainly due to higher smoking rates in the USA in the past. The 
report explains that in the Netherlands and Denmark, smoking is the main 
cause of lower life expectancies when compared to other high income 
nations.



The lingering effects of regular smoking persevere to varying extents for 
twenty to thirty years after an individual has quit. Over the coming 20 to 
30 years male life expectancy is expected to greatly improve in the USA, 
because a higher proportion of men gave up over the last 20 years compared 
to women.




The complete article may be read at the URL above.





"Explaining Divergent Levels of Longevity in High-Income Countries"
Eileen M. Crimmins, Samuel H. Preston, and Barney Cohen, Editors;
Panel on Understanding Divergent Trends in Longevity in High-Income 
Countries; 
National Research Council
(This report is for sale)



International Differences in Mortality at Older Ages:
Dimensions and Sources
Authors:
Eileen M. Crimmins, Samuel H. Preston, and Barney Cohen, Editors; Panel on 
Understanding Divergent Trends in Longevity in High-Income Countries; 
National Research Council
Authoring Organizations
Committee on Population (CPOP)
Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education (DBASSE)


Description



In 1950, men and women in the United States had a combined life expectancy 
of 68.9 years, the 12th highest life expectancy at birth in the world. 
Today, life expectancy is up to 79.2 years, yet the country is now only 
28th highest, behind the United Kingdom, Korea, Canada, and France, among 
others. The United States does have higher rates of infant mortality and 
violent deaths than in other developed countries, but these factors do not 
fully account for the country's relatively poor ranking in life 
expectancy.



International Differences in Mortality at Older Ages: Dimensions and 
Sources examines patterns in international differences in life expectancy 
above age 50 and assesses the evidence and arguments that have been 
advanced to explain the poor position of the United States relative to 
other countries. The papers in this deeply researched volume identify gaps 
in measurement, data, theory, and research design and pinpoint areas for 
future high-priority research in this area.



In addition to examining the differences in mortality around the world, 
the papers in International Differences in Mortality at Older Ages look at 
health factors and life-style choices commonly believed to contribute to 
the observed international differences in life expectancy. They also 
identify strategic opportunities for health-related interventions. This 
book offers a wide variety of disciplinary and scholarly perspectives to 
the study of mortality, and it offers in-depth analyses that can serve 
health professionals, policy makers, statisticians, and researchers.


http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12945


Read this book online Free

http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=12945&page=1


Table of Contents


Front Matter (R1-R10)


1 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW (1-10)


2 Diverging Trends in Life Expectancy at Age 50: A Look at Causes of Death 
(11-63)


3 Are International Differences in Health Similar to International 
Differences in Life Expectancy? (64-104)


4 Contribution of Smoking to International Differences in Life Expectancy 
(105-131)


5 Divergent Patterns of Smoking Across High-Income Nations (132-161)


6 Can Obesity Account for Cross-National Differences in Life Expectancy 
Trends? (162-191)


7 The Contribution of Physical Activity To Divergent Trends in Longevity 
(192-218)


8 Do Cross-Country Variations in Social Integration and Social 
Interactions Explain Differences in Life Expectancy in Industrialized 
Countries? (219-267)


9 Low Life Expectancy in the United States:Is the Health Care System at 
Fault? (268-308)


10 Can Hormone Therapy Account for American Women's Survival Disadvantage? 
(309-318)


11 Do Americans Have Higher Mortality Than Europeans at All Levels of the 
Education Distribution?: A Comparison of the United States and 14 European 
Countries (319-336)


12 Geographic Differences in Life Expectancy at Age 50 in the United 
States Compared with Other High-Income Countries (337-372)


13 Renewed Progress in Life Expectancy: The Case of the Netherlands 
(373-393)


14 The Divergent Life Expectancy Trends in Denmark and Sweden - and Some 
Potential Explanations (394-424)
Biographical Sketches of Contributors (425-431)





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