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Subject:

MEDICAL: ANATOMY : MEDICAL: CONDITIONS: ARTHRITIS: Outward Knee Alignment Increases Arthritis Risk, Finds NIH-Funded Study

From:

"David P. Dillard" <[log in to unmask]>

Reply-To:

To support research in sports medicine <[log in to unmask]>

Date:

Mon, 13 Dec 2010 06:39:43 -0500

Content-Type:

TEXT/PLAIN

Parts/Attachments:

Parts/Attachments

TEXT/PLAIN (329 lines)

.



MEDICAL: ANATOMY :
MEDICAL: CONDITIONS: ARTHRITIS:
Outward Knee Alignment Increases Arthritis Risk,
Finds NIH-Funded Study




Date: Mon, 16 Aug 2010 12:23:23 -0400
From: "NIH OLIB (NIH/OD)" <[log in to unmask]>
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject:  Outward Knee Alignment Increases Arthritis Risk,
Finds NIH-Funded Study




U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH NIH News




Eunice Kennedy Shriver
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
(NICHD)
http://www.nichd.nih.gov/



For Immediate Release: Monday, August 16, 2010




CONTACT:


Robert Bock


or


Marianne Glass Miller


301-496-5133


e-mail:


[log in to unmask]




OUTWARD KNEE ALIGNMENT INCREASES
ARTHRITIS RISK, FINDS NIH-FUNDED STUDY



Existing arthritis worsens when poorly aligned joints bear increased 
stress




People with a particular kind of knee alignment have a greater chance of 
developing osteoarthritis than do those with other types of leg alignment, 
reported researchers supported by the National Institutes of Health.



The study authors found that the higher risk occurred among those with an 
outward-facing alignment-knees relatively far apart and ankles closer 
together.  Known as varus alignment, the knee configuration resembles 
bowleggedness, but is not as extreme.



Osteoarthritis



http://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Osteoarthritis/default.asp



results from the deterioration of cartilage, the hard, slippery material 
that cushions the ends of bone at the joints.  The condition causes pain 
and often results in disability. According to the Centers for Disease 
Control and Prevention, osteoarthritis of the knees



http://www.cdc.gov/arthritis/basics/osteoarthritis.htm



affects 6.1 percent of all adults over age 30.



The current finding, from a two and one half year study of nearly 3,000 
people, may lead to the development of new ways to prevent osteoarthritis 
of the knee or lessen its symptoms.



The researchers also confirmed earlier findings that for people who have 
arthritis, varus alignment as well its opposite, the valgus, or inner 
facing, alignment contribute to worsening of the condition on the side of 
the knee bearing more stress.



"The study authors have shown that the varus alignment is a risk factor 
for osteoarthritis of the knees," said Nancy Shinowara, Ph.D., a health 
scientist administrator in the National Center for Rehabilitation Research 
of the NIH's Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and 
Human Development (NICHD).  "Future research may lead to new ways to 
reduce the stress that the condition places on knees and, in so doing, 
prevent osteoarthritis or lessen its severity."



The study was published online in Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 
NIH's National Institute of Aging also provided funding for the study.



First author Leena Sharma, M.D., of Northwestern University's Feinberg 
School of Medicine in Chicago, conducted the study, with researchers there 
and at Boston University, the University of Alabama at Birmingham; the 
University of Iowa, Iowa City; Queens University in Kingston, Ontario; 
OAISYS, Inc., Kingston, Ontario; and the University of California, San 
Francisco.



The researchers followed 2,713 volunteers from Birmingham and Iowa City. 
The participants, from 50 to 79 years of age, had arthritis or were at 
increased risk of developing the condition because they were overweight, 
had a previous knee injury or previously had knee surgery.



Using X-rays of each participant's legs, the researchers first measured 
the angle at which the upper and lower leg bones intersected at the 
knee-that is, the angle from the hip to the knee, to the ankle. 
Alignment that diverged more than two degrees in either direction from the 
180 degrees straight leg alignment was considered valgus or varus. 
Participant's knees were X-rayed when they entered the study, and again, 
two and one half years later.



The researchers also compared knee X-ray images taken at the study 
beginning with images taken two and a half years later. They examined them 
for tiny projections known as bone spurs and for thinning of cartilage, 
which are two telltale signs of arthritis.  Using standard measurements, 
they rated the severity of new or worsening arthritis.



The research team found the varus stance was associated with 1.49 times 
the risk of developing arthritis compared with a straight-legged stance, 
whereas there was no increased risk for the valgus stance.  The 
researchers statistically compensated for potentially complicating factors 
such as knee stability, muscle strength, and body weight.



Dr. Sharma explained that when someone walks on a healthy knee, about 70 
percent of the force transmitted to the knee is focused on the inside. 
Varus alignment further increases the stress of impact on the inside of 
the knee, which may explain why this alignment was associated with an 
increased risk of developing osteoarthritis.



"Our results suggest the need to design interventions for people with 
varus alignment, in hopes of redistributing stress and possibly helping to 
prevent knee arthritis before it develops," said Dr. Sharma.



The researchers also examined the effect of alignment in knees that were 
already arthritic.  People with varus alignment were 3.59 times more 
likely to experience worsening of their condition on the inside of the 
knee, where stress is greatest, than those with a straight knee alignment.



Those with knee arthritis who had valgus alignment were 4.85 times more 
likely to experience worsening on the outside of the knee.



The NICHD sponsors research on development, before and after birth; 
maternal, child, and family health; reproductive biology and population 
issues; and medical rehabilitation.  For more information, visit the 
Institute's Web site at



http://www.nichd.nih.gov/



The National Institutes of Health (NIH) -- The Nation's Medical Research 
Agency -- includes 27 Institutes and Centers and is a component of the 
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. It is the primary federal 
agency for conducting and supporting basic, clinical and translational 
medical research, and it investigates the causes, treatments, and cures 
for both common and rare diseases. For more information about NIH and its 
programs, visit



http://www.nih.gov




##




This NIH News Release is available online at:
http://www.nih.gov/news/health/aug2010/nichd-16.htm



.





Sincerely,
David Dillard
Temple University
(215) 204 - 4584
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Bushell, R. & Sheldon, P. (eds),
Wellness and Tourism: Mind, Body, Spirit,
Place, New York: Cognizant Communication Books.
Wellness Tourism: Bibliographic and Webliographic Essay
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http://tinyurl.com/p63whl
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