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SPORTS MEDICINE :
MEDICAL: DISEASES: DIABETES :
PHYSICAL EXERCISE AND FITNESS:
Experts: Exercise Crucial for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Experts: Exercise Crucial for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
150 Minutes Per Week of Intense Exercise Can Improve Blood Sugar,
Insulin Levels
By Katrina Woznicki
WebMD Health News
http://diabetes.webmd.com/news/20101210/
experts-exercise-crucial-patients-type-2-diabetes
A shorter URL for the above link:
http://tinyurl.com/24xcqt2
Dec. 10, 2010 -- New guidelines jointly issued by the American College of
Sports Medicine and the American Diabetes Association call for people with
type 2 diabetes to get at least 150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous
aerobic exercise over the course of at least three days during the week,
and not to skip more than two days of exercising.
Strength training, using weights to develop muscle mass, is also important
in diabetes management. Resistance training should be part of a diabetes
patients exercise regimen, according to the new guidelines, which are
published in the December issue of Medicine & Science in Sports &
Exercise.
Exercise is critical to reducing the risk of diabetes, as well as helping
people with diabetes improve insulin and blood sugar production. Exercise
may also improve a diabetes patients lipid profile, such as lowering the
levels of cholesterol and other fats in the blood, and also lead to losing
weight.
The authors of the guidelines note that sustained intensity and duration
of aerobic activity is important and may likely achieve biological effects
that cannot be achieved from mild physical activity alone. Patients with
type 2 diabetes may be hesitant to exercise, but the authors say the
benefits far outweigh potential risks and that doctors play a role in
encouraging diabetic people to exercise.
The complete article may be read at the URL above.
Exercise and Type 2 Diabetes:
American College of Sports Medicine and
the American Diabetes Association:
Joint Position Statement
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise:
December 2010 - Volume 42 - Issue 12 - pp 2282-2303
doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181eeb61c
SPECIAL COMMUNICATIONS: Joint Position Statement
Abstract
SUMMARY:
Although physical activity (PA) is a key element in the
prevention and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), many with
this chronic disease do not become or remain regularly active.
High-quality studies establishing the importance of exercise and fitness
in diabetes were lacking until recently, but it is now well established
that participation in regular PA improves blood glucose control and can
prevent or delay T2DM, along with positively affecting lipids, blood
pressure, cardiovascular events, mortality, and quality of life.
Structured interventions combining PA and modest weight loss have been
shown to lower T2DM risk by up to 58% in high-risk populations. Most
benefits of PA on diabetes management are realized through acute and
chronic improvements in insulin action, accomplished with both aerobic and
resistance training.
SNIP
ARTICLE CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
Diagnosis, classification, and etiology of diabetes.
Treatment goals in T2DM.
ACUTE EFFECTS OF EXERCISE
Fuel Metabolism during Exercise
Fuel mobilization, glucose production, and muscle glycogenolysis.
Insulin-independent and insulin-dependent muscle glucose uptake during
exercise.
Postexercise Glycemic Control/BG Levels
Aerobic exercise effects.
Resistance exercise effects
Combined aerobic and resistance and other types of training.
Insulin Resistance
Acute changes in muscular insulin resistance.
Acute changes in liver's ability to process glucose.
CHRONIC EFFECTS OF EXERCISE TRAINING
Metabolic control: BG levels and insulin resistance.
Lipids and lipoproteins.
Hypertension.
Mortality and cardiovascular risk.
Body weight: maintenance and loss.
Supervision of training
Psychological effects
PA AND PREVENTION OF T2DM
PA AND PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF GDM
PREEXERCISE EVALUATION
RECOMMENDED PA PARTICIPATION FOR PERSONS WITH T2DM
Aerobic Exercise Training
Frequency.
Intensity.
Duration.
Mode
Resistance Exercise Training
Frequency.
Intensity.
Duration.
Mode.
Rate of progression.
Supervised Training
Combined Aerobic and Resistance and Other Types of Training
Daily Movement (Unstructured Activity)
Flexibility Training
EXERCISE WITH NONOPTIMAL BG CONTROL
Hyperglycemia
Hypoglycemia: causes and prevention.
MEDICATION EFFECTS ON EXERCISE RESPONSES
EXERCISE WITH LONG-TERM COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES
Peripheral neuropathy.
Autonomic neuropathy.
Retinopathy.
Nephropathy and microalbuminuria.
ADOPTION AND MAINTENANCE OF EXERCISE BY PERSONS WITH DIABETES
CONCLUSIONS
Exercise plays a major role in the prevention and control of insulin
resistance, prediabetes, GDM, T2DM, and diabetes-related health
complications. Both aerobic and resistance training improve insulin
action, at least acutely, and can assist with the management of BG levels,
lipids, BP, CV risk, mortality, and QOL, but exercise must be undertaken
regularly to have continued benefits and likely include regular training
of varying types. Most persons with T2DM can perform exercise safely as
long as certain precautions are taken. The inclusion of an exercise
program or other means of increasing overall PA is critical for optimal
health in individuals with T2DM.
This joint position statement is written by the American College of Sports
Medicine (ACSM) and the American Diabetes Association (ADA).
SNIP
REFERENCES [295]
[Content Sample]
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http://journals.lww.com/acsm-msse/Fulltext/2010/12000/
Exercise_and_Type_2_Diabetes__American_College_of.18.aspx
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