Dear Parminder & others
Rammed earth has been used for thousands of years to build structures,
around the world (usually in the hotter/drier parts but even here in
northern Europe. The method consists of ramming a mixture of soil and
binder (e.g. lime, cement, bone fragments, hair etc.) between wooden
forms. These are removed to leave a wall. A large wall is constructed in
successive bays. I have a PhD student working in this area at the moment
who maintains some excellent webpages on historic rammed earth, see
http://www.dur.ac.uk/p.a.jaquin/index.htm
Peter Walker at Bath University is active in the area of rammed earth
for new-build, including the UK.
I hope this is of interest.
Charles
Parminder Singh wrote:
> Dear Ehsan,
>
> Thank you for your info on field information.
>
> You might know of a smaller (lighter) application of RIC such as on Rammed
> Earth buildings.
> Hand tamping methods were orginally used to build houses but there might be
> mechanical compaction
> systems available these days. I believe Iran and many other places may have
> these kind of earth
> structures built from early times.
>
> Best Regards,
>
> Parminder
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Geotechnical Engineering Email List
> [mailto:[log in to unmask]]On Behalf Of Ehsan Seyedi
> Hosseininia
> Sent: Monday, August 22, 2005 11:17 PM
> To: [log in to unmask]
> Subject: Re: Rammed Earth - Rapid Impact Compaction
>
>
> Dear Parminder,
>
>
> Regarding different emails to u about the RIC, i want to mention that the
> energy of RIC is much lower than dynamic compaction. the equipment has a
> mass of about 5, 7 and probably 9 tons that falls from 1 to 1.2 meters high.
> so if you calculate the amount of energy tranfered to the earth is lesser
> tham that of dynamic compaction. In other words, i mean that RIC is very
> effective for densification of surface layars of soil such as maximum up to
> 6 meters deep depending on the soil profile. Although, the amount of energy
> per blow is low, the rate of impacting is high such as 30 to 60 blows per
> minute which is so rapid.
>
> We had some case of soil improveement in southern side of Iran where we
> wanted to improve the soil charactristics by tamping the soil by some
> ass( like dynamic compaction).we used RIS (BSP). The soil was sandy silt to
> silty sand. field tests showed that using RIC can compact the soil till the
> depth of 4 meters.
>
> Finally, from point of my view, RIC is very usefull to compact the surface
> layers (maximum 6 meters deep) which is so compressible that it needs a
> number of impacts to be effective for densification.
>
> Best Regards,
>
> Ehsan Seyedi Hosseininia
>
>
> Ph.D student of Geotechnical Engineering
>
> Department of Civil Engineering
>
> Faculty of Engineering
>
> University of Tehran
>
> P.O.Box: 11365-4563, Tehran, Iran
>
> Phone: (+98) 21-851 3806
>
> Mobile: (+98) 912 226 349
>
> Fax: (+98) 21 891 3119
>
>
>
> SAHEL CONSULTANT ENGINNERS, Tehran, Iran
>
>
>
>
>
> "Skinner, Hilary" <[log in to unmask]> wrote:
>
> Dear Parminder,
>
> Ken Watts at BRE has also carried out field trials and been involved in
> the development of the BSP RIC from the original concept for runway repairs.
> You'll find data in:
>
> Watts K.S. and Charles J.A. (1993). Initial assement of a new rapid
> ground compactor. Int Conf on Engineering Fills, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Sept
> 1993. Thomas Telford, London, 1993, pp 399‑412.
>
> Charles J A and Watts K S (2002). Treated ground: engineering properties
> and performance. CIRIA Report C572. CIRIA, London. 168pp. (see
> www.ciria.org.uk)
>
> Charles J A and Watts K S (2001). Building on fill: geotechnical
> aspects. 2nd edition. Report BR 424.
>
> and the following gives help with specification (including the RIC):
> Watts, K S. Specifying dynamic compaction. BRE Report BR 458. (see
> www.brebookshop.com)
>
> Best regards
> Hilary Skinner
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Geotechnical Engineering Email List
> [mailto:[log in to unmask]] >On Behalf Of Dr Caesar
> Merrifield
> Sent: 19 August 2005 15:54
> To: [log in to unmask]
> Subject: Re: Rammed Earth - Rapid Impact Compaction
>
>
> Dear Parminder,
>
>
> Field research has been undertaken using these machines by my good
> friend and colleague Prof. Michael Davies whilst at Cardiff University and
> by me on the Manchester University geotechnical centrifuge. You might wish
> to consult;-
>
>
> Merrifield, C.M. & Davies, M.C.R. (2000) “A study of low energy
> dynamic compaction: field trials and centrifuge modelling”, Geotechnique,
> 50, No.6, 675-683.
>
>
> Parvizi, M. & Merrifield, C.M. (2004) “Centrifuge validation of soil
> improvement prediction using the WAK test analysis” Ground Improvement 8,
> No. 1, 33-37.
>
>
> Best wishes,
>
>
> Caesar Merrifield
>
>
> Date sent: Fri, 19 Aug 2005 09:28:08 -0400
> Send reply to: Paul Mayne <[log in to unmask]>
> From: Paul Mayne <[log in to unmask]>
> Subject: Re: Rammed Earth - Rapid Impact Compaction
> To: [log in to unmask]
>
>
> > Hi Parminder
> >
> > Yes, this is a modern takeoff on dynamic compaction but instead of
> > using standard cranes and "free-fall" drop of weights, a mechanized
> > means to repeatedly densify the soil quickly. Check out:
> >
> > http://www.rapidimpact.ca/index.htm
> >
> > My friend Mike Cowell at Tensar Corp/GeoPiers has purchased such a
> > unit. Also:
> >
> > http://www.mooreandtaber.com/rapid_impact_compaction.htm
> >
> > Sincerely
> >
> > Paul
> >
> >
> > At 01:35 AM 8/19/2005, Parminder Singh wrote:
> > >Dear All,
> > >
> > >I am looking into modifications in current earth construction
> > >methods. Do you know anyone working in this area.
> > >
> > >Best Regards,
> > >
> > >Parminder Singh
> > >NES, Malaysia
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > Paul W. Mayne, PhD, P.E.
> > Professor & Geosystems Group Leader
> > Civil & Environmental Engineering
> > Georgia Institute of Technology
> > 790 Atlantic Drive, Room 241
> > Atlanta, GA 30332-0355
> >
> > Phone: 404-894-6226 and Fax-2281
> > Email: [log in to unmask]
> > http://www.ce.gatech.edu/~geosys
>
>
>
> _______________________________________
> Dr Caesar M. Merrifield
> Senior Lecturer
> Director, Graduate Studies
> School of Mechnical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering
> University of Manchester
> M13 9PL
> Tel:- 0161-275-4340 or 0161-306 4623
> alternative email address:-
>
>
>
>
>
>
> resource 05 the showcase for low carbon and energy efficient
> technology
> 1315 September 2005 at BRE see www.resource05.com
>
>
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