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[mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of EPIC News
Sent: 02 December 2005 00:35
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Subject: EPIC Alert 12.24
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E P I C A l e r t
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Volume 12.24 December 01, 2005
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Published by the
Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC)
Washington, D.C.
http://www.epic.org/alert/EPIC_Alert_12.24.html
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Table of Contents
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[1] EPIC Supports State Credit Freeze Laws [2] Government Agency Seeks New
Power to Track Travelers [3] Denver Bus Rider Arrested for not showing ID
[4] Canada's Privacy Officer Calls for "Drastic Action" on Phone Records [5]
EU Parliament Enacts Data Retention Limits [6] News in Brief [7] EPIC
Bookstore: "The Glass Consumer"
[8] Upcoming Conferences and Events
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[1] EPIC Supports State Credit Freeze Laws
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In comments to the New York State Legislature and the Maryland Attorney
General, EPIC argued that individuals need more control over their credit
reports in order to curb the incidence and severity of identity theft. The
comments were in response to requests from both New York and Maryland
government officials who are exploring "credit freeze" laws, legislation
that gives individuals the ability to prevent the dissemination of their
credit report to new creditors. If credit grantors cannot access an
individual's report, the creditor will not issue a new account. Therefore,
by allowing consumers to have more control and freeze their reports, they
can stop identity theft.
A consumer-friendly credit freeze law would allow any individual--even
someone not victimized by identity theft--to freeze his or her credit
report. Furthermore, individuals should be able to quickly "thaw" their
files online or by calling a toll-free number when they need to apply for
credit or a job.
The EPIC comments highlight how individuals need control over their credit
reports because the financial services industry continues to use lax
practices in granting credit. For instance, despite the promise that
consolidation of banks and greater information sharing would reduce identity
theft, banks are sending out a record number of "pre-screened"
credit offers in 2005. Over 5 billion of these offers will be sent in the
mail this year, and criminals can easily search mailboxes to obtain the
offers and use them to steal others' identities.
The comments also focus attention on instant credit. A number of
commentators have remarked in recent months that instant credit granting
makes identity theft "easy." The competition to issue new instant credit
accounts is such that creditors are opening accounts to toddlers and dogs.
In a series of identity theft cases documented in EPIC's comments, identity
thieves were able to obtain new accounts despite the fact that they left
clearly inaccurate information on the credit application. In one case,
creditors issued new accounts four times to an impostor who used the wrong
first name, birth date, and address of the victim.
Without the ability to freeze one's credit report, there is no way for an
individual to avoid these practices.
Finally, EPIC warned New York and Maryland authorities that the financial
services industry has begun to "blame the victim" for identity theft. By
engaging in a selective reading of identity theft statistics, financial
services companies have argued that in a majority of the cases, roommates,
family members, and others close to the victim committed the crime. However,
only about half of identity theft victims even know how their identity was
stolen. Only about a quarter of victims know the actual identity of the
thief, and in those cases, about a third of the time the impostor was a
family member. But the financial services industry wants to blame the victim
in order to maintain the status quo and shift the focus from away from its
own practices.
EPIC Comments on Maryland Credit Freeze Laws:
http://epic.org/privacy/idtheft/mdstate11.21.05.html
EPIC Comments on New York State Credit Freeze Laws:
http://www.epic.org/privacy/idtheft/nystate11.21.05.html
EPIC Identity Theft Page:
http://epic.org/privacy/idtheft/
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[2] Government Agency Seeks New Power to Track Travelers
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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has proposed a rule that
would greatly expand the powers of the federal government to track and
quarantine individual travelers. The federal government, airline and
shipping industries would scrutinize travelers more closely.
The new rule, estimated to cost up to $865 million a year, would require
airline and shipping industries to gather passenger contact and health
information, maintain it electronically for at least 60 days, and release it
to the CDC within 12 hours of a request. The CDC would retain the
information for a year. The information gathered would include:
"permanent address, email address, passport information, traveling
companions or group, emergency contact information (including at least name
of an alternate person or business and a phone number), phone
number(s) for the passenger, itinerary, and other flight information."
According to the CDC, "[t]his set of data is greater than the set of
information currently collected by the airlines, [global distribution
systems], or travel agencies."
The rule also broadens the list of symptoms that would make passengers
subject to quarantine. It would allow the CDC to detain a sick individual
for three business days without a hearing. After that time, the CDC Director
would have the power to quarantine an individual until the end of "the
period of incubation and communicability for the communicable disease as
determined by the Director." For most diseases, this would be about a month.
During that month, the quarantined person would be able to have an
administrative hearing, but only to dispute factual evidence on whether the
person has been exposed to a disease.
Legal or constitutional claims could not be addressed by the hearing, though
detainees could petition for a writ of habeas corpus for judicial review of
the quarantine order.
With regard to its Privacy Act obligations, the CDC states only that
"[i]nformation and records provided to CDC will be maintained and stored in
accordance with HHS and CDC policies and in accordance with Privacy Act (5
U.S.C. '552a) and its implementing regulations (45 C.F.R. Part 5b), which
require that the records only be used for authorized purposes by authorized
personnel." What uses and personnel are authorized are unclear.
EPIC urges the public to submit comments and ask for a clear explanation of
how the CDC will comply with the provisions of the Privacy Act. The public
has until January 30, 2006 to comment on this rule. As part of an effort to
protect patients' privacy rights, EPIC and Patient Privacy Rights are
circulating an online petition calling for strong safeguards of health
record information.
The Proposed CDC Rule:
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dq/nprm/
To submit comments about the Rule:
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dq/nprm/comments.htm
EPIC's Medical Privacy Page:
http://www.epic.org/privacy/medical/
"I Want My Medical Privacy!" petition:
http://www.patientprivacyrights.org/petition
Patient Privacy Rights site:
http://patientprivacyrights.org
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[3] Denver Bus Rider Arrested for not showing ID
=======================================================================
On September 26, Deborah Davis was arrested in Denver, Colorado for refusing
to show an ID to a guard who had boarded the public bus she was riding.
After federal officers were called onto the bus, she was arrested and cited
with violating two federal regulations. She is scheduled for arraignment
before a U.S. magistrate judge on December 9.
Davis was riding to work when the bus, on its normal route, stopped at the
gates of the Denver Federal Center. A guard boarded the bus and demanded to
see ID from all of the passengers. Davis refused, noting that she was not
required to show ID. When ordered off the bus, Davis also refused. The guard
then called officers of the Federal Protective Service to the bus. When
Davis continued to refuse to show ID or leave the bus, she was handcuffed,
removed from the bus, and driven to a police station within the Federal
Center. Officers at the station conferred for a while, then issued two
tickets to Davis before allowing her to leave.
Davis has been cited with violating two provisions of the Code of Federal
Regulations: one authorizing guards to request ID from persons entering
closed areas of federal property, and another requiring compliance with
lawful directions from officers. The municipal bus was passing through the
Center during normal business hours. Officials say that the ID checks are
part of a security program instituted after the Oklahoma City bombings of
1995, and that they occur only when the Federal Center is on "heightened
alert," of which the public might not receive warning.
Last year, the Supreme Court narrowly upheld a Nevada state law that allowed
officers to arrest individuals "reasonably suspected" to have committed a
crime when they refuse to provide their names to police.
EPIC filed an amicus brief in that case, Hiibel v. Sixth Judicial District
Court of Nevada, arguing that compelled disclosure of identity affects
privacy, as well as anonymity rights. In contrast to the Hiibel case, Davis
was apparently asked to show documentary identification, and was not under
suspicion of committing a crime.
Davis's Site:
http://www.papersplese.org/davis
Story in the Rocky Mountain News:
http://www.epic.org/redirect/davis_bus_id.html
EPIC's Hiibel page:
http://www.epic.org/privacy/hiibel/default.html
EPIC's amicus brief in Hiibel (pdf):
http://www.epic.org/privacy/hiibel/epic_amicus.pdf
=======================================================================
[4] Canada's Privacy Officer Calls for "Drastic Action" on Phone Records
=======================================================================
A reporter successfully obtained the personal and government phone records
of Canadian Privacy Commissioner Jennifer Stoddart, causing her to call for
"drastic action" to address the security of phone records.
The reporter, Jonathan Gatehouse of Maclean's Magazine, obtained the phone
records from American data broker "locatecell.com" for $200 per order, "no
questions asked." An exemption in Canadian privacy law allows reporters to
engage in such activities for newsgathering purposes.
Locatecell.com is one of 40 websites identified by EPIC as openly
advertising its ability to obtain phone calling records for a fee. EPIC
filed a complaint with the Federal Trade Commission concerning such sites in
July 2005. In August, EPIC petitioned the Federal Communications Commission,
and urged the agency to create heightened security requirements for phone
calling records.
Since EPIC filed its complaint and petition, a number of reporters have
successfully obtained phone records through online data brokers. Verizon
Wireless has brought at least two cases against companies that obtain
records. However, the FTC and FCC have yet to act.
Individuals concerned about protecting their phone records should take
several steps. First, ensure that your phone account in held in your name.
For instance, if the account is held in a spouse's name, your spouse can
obtain the records. Second, call your phone carrier and place a password on
your account. Use a password that you are apt to remember, but others are
not likely to know. The name of your first pet, a street you lived on, or
the name of your grade school will suffice. Do not use your date of birth,
mother's maiden name, or Social Security number.
Finally, be sure to opt out of the sale of "CPNI," when you call the
carrier. CPNI is your calling records, which are sold by many carriers for
marketing purposes unless you opt out.
Maclean's Article on Protection of Phone Records
http://www.epic.org/redirect/canada_phone_records.html
EPIC's Page on Illegal Access to Phone Records:
http://epic.org/privacy/iei/
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[5] EU Parliament Enacts Data Retention Limits
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Members of the European Parliament's Civil Liberties Committee voted to
limit a proposed data retention directive being negotiated by the European
Commission and 25 European Union governments through the Council of the EU.
The proposal has now gone back to the Council of Ministers for them to
accept the amendments or make further changes. The Parliament and the
Council will then have to reach a compromise on the final legislation, which
will later go to the European Parliament for a vote. Great Britain, which
holds the EU Presidency until the end of the year, reaffirmed its commitment
to reaching an agreement on the data retention issue by that time.
The Committee's recommendations include decreasing from 24 to 12 months the
maximum period during which telephone companies and Internet service
providers could store traffic data. Committee members also agreed that the
data retention requirements could only apply to cases of serious crimes,
instead of all crimes. This comes as a reaction to a move from the music and
movie industries, who are eager to use the traffic data from all users to
prosecute people for uploading copyrighted files onto the Internet and using
peer-to-peer file-sharing networks. Consumer groups have pointed out that
the entertainment industry is attempting to hijack a legislation intended
mostly to fight terrorism for their own, totally unrelated, needs.
The Committee's amendments make modifications to the draft directive to
require that a judge authorize access to telephone and Internet traffic;
that there be provisions on access to retained data; that data mining be
prohibited, and the type of data to be retained be limited. They also make
it an obligation for EU governments to reimburse companies'
storage, management, data protection and data security costs the data
retention requirements mandate; recommend a sunset clause for the whole
directive; and that criminal sanctions be introduced for the infringement of
data security and data protection provisions.
European Digital Rights, a coalition of European civil liberties
organizations, has expressed concern about the data retention proposal. The
ISP and telecommunications industries are also opposed to the draft
directive, claiming in a joint statement that the retention periods the
Parliament put forward are still too long, and the scope of data too wide.
EPIC's International Data Retention page.
http://www.epic.org/privacy/intl/data_retention.html
European Digital Rights (EDRi) home page:
http://www.edri.org/
=======================================================================
[6] News in Brief
=======================================================================
EPIC Files Suit for Information on Requests for Taxpayer Records
EPIC has asked a federal court to order the Internal Revenue Service to
release documents about law enforcement and intelligence requests for
taxpayer records since 9/11. EPIC has been seeking the information through
the Freedom of Information Act since July 2004, but the agency has failed to
disclose any documents. An EPIC FOIA request to the Social Security
Administration revealed earlier this year that the agency changed its
traditionally strict disclosure policy to allow law enforcement agencies to
obtain personal information merely by stating the data was sought "in
connection" with a 9/11 investigation. The documents show the policy was
still in effect in May 2004.
EPIC's complaint (pdf):
http://www.epic.org/privacy/databases/irs/epic_v_treasury.pdf
Documents obtained by EPIC from the Social Security Administration
(pdf):
http://www.epic.org/foia_notes/ssa_foia.pdf
EPIC's Internal Revenue Service Page:
http://www.epic.org/privacy/databases/irs
Public Voice Symposium on Privacy in the Information Society
EPIC hosted a panel at the World Summit on the Information Society in
Tunisia on November 18, 2005 to introduce the highlights of its upcoming
"Privacy & Human Rights 2005" survey. Seven panelists from Europe, North
America, Latin America, the Middle East and Asia discussed their views on
the importance of privacy in the Information Society and the recent privacy
developments in their region. The panel gathered representatives from civil
society, human rights organizations, data protection authorities and
academic experts.
Public Voice Symposium Web page:
http://www.thepublicvoice.org/events/tunis05/
Highlights from Privacy & Human Rights 2005 (pdf):
http://www.thepublicvoice.org/events/tunis05/laurant.pdf
Senate Considers Additional Exception to Federal Privacy Law
The Senate is mulling over a legislative proposal that would create an
intelligence exception to a federal privacy law. The Privacy Act imposes
obligations upon federal agencies maintaining personal data about citizens
and permanent residents, and gives those individuals rights in their
personal information held by the government. The proposed exemption would
allow intelligence and other agencies to share information gathered about
citizens and permanent residents when the data is related to foreign
intelligence or counterintelligence. The legislation would also prevent
individuals from accessing and correcting records maintained about them by
intelligence agencies, or learning to whom those records have been
disclosed.
S. 1803, Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2006:
http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c109:S.1803:
EPIC's Privacy Act of 1974 Page:
http://www.epic.org/privacy/1974act/
European Court's Top Advisor: Sharing Passenger Data with DHS Improper
The Advocate General of the European Court of Justice called for the
annulment of the May 2004 Passenger Name Records agreement between EU and US
authorities. The agreement requires airlines flying from the EU to the US to
disclose their passengers' personal information, including e-mail and credit
card details. The European Parliament complained with the Court later that
year that the agreement did not sufficiently protect European travelers'
privacy rights. Any eventual ruling by the Court, which follows the Advocate
General's opinion 80% of the time, may call other EU anti-terrorism measures
into question, as a data retention proposal now for review before EU
institutions (see item [5] above) is being carried out under the same legal
basis as the Passenger name Records agreement. The Court's final decision
is expected next spring.
EPIC's EU-US Airline Passenger Data Disclosure page:
http://www.epic.org/privacy/intl/passenger_data.html
EPIC's Data Retention page:
http://www.epic.org/privacy/intl/data_retention.html
FTC Study Shows Filters, Masking Help Reduce Spam
In a report released on November 28, the Federal Trade Commission found that
using spam filtering technologies and techniques such as "masking"
helps reduce the volume of unsolicited emails that consumers receive.
Researchers created 150 email accounts, some with spam filters, and some
without, and posted the addresses at various places on the Internet. The
study showed that Internet service providers that use spam filters reduced
spam by 86-95% over a five-week period. Masking, a technique by which email
addresses are presented in a human-readable, but not machine-readable form
(for instance, by displaying "epic-info AT epic DOT org" instead of
"[log in to unmask]"), was found to be highly effective. Four masked
addresses received one spam message over a five-week period, while four
unmasked addresses received 6,416.
Results of the FTC Spam Study (pdf):
http://www.ftc.gov/opa/2005/11/spamharvest.pdf
FTC Press Release:
http://www.ftc.gov/opa/2005/11/spam3.htm
EPIC's Spam page:
http://www.epic.org/privacy/junk_mail/spam/
United Kingdom to Build System to Track All Drivers
The United Kingdom is creating a system that will track every person using
its roadways and retain the data for at least two years, even if the driver
has committed no offense. The system will link camera surveillance systems,
Automatic Number Plate Recognition technology, and police and motor vehicle
databases. UK officials say the system will be used to find uninsured
drivers, road tax evaders, and stolen cars, but also for more serious
crimes. The new system would add to Great Britain's already-extensive
surveillance system -- more than 4 million cameras have been deployed
throughout the country. It is estimated that the average Briton is seen by
300 cameras per day.
EPIC's Spotlight on Surveillance about Camera Systems:
http://www.epic.org/privacy/surveillance/spotlight/0505/
Privacy and Human Rights 2004 on Video Surveillance:
http://www.epic.org/redirect/phr_video.html
=======================================================================
[7] EPIC Bookstore: "The Glass Consumer"
=======================================================================
Edited by Susanne Lace
http://www.powells.com/partner/24075/biblio/67-1861347359-0
"The Glass Consumer" sets out a lofty goal for itself: "to promote an
ambitious, sophisticated manifesto for the personal information economy,
taking in but exploring broader terrain than privacy." It analyzes the
issues of personal information not just in terms of individual privacy, but
in terms of consumer protection and the preservation of social benefits. In
doing so, it succeeds in refining the discourse on the use of personal
information.
The bulk of the "The Glass Consumer" is a collection of essays written
mostly by UK information policy experts, who provide a broad, if
occasionally scattered, background of the many components of the debate.
Authorities in fields as diverse as marketing, privacy enhancing
technologies, and health care law each give a reasoned view of their
particular areas of expertise, with some hints as to how each author might
proceed. The actual policy debate between the authors' conflicting views and
assumptions, however, is left for the reader to conduct.
Dr. Lace references, but does not rely solely upon these background chapters
as she ends the book with an in-depth policy statement, setting forth the
Council's agenda and recommendations for managing personal information in
the future. This final part of the book describes the myriad issues and
provides recommendations for future policy, geared towards the UK.
These recommendations include promoting the use of privacy enhancing
technologies, and granting stronger enforcement and auditing powers for the
Office of the Information Commissioner. The book also suggests a major
review of the European Commission's Data Protection Directive, including
clarification of key terms, requiring opt-in provisions across all sectors,
requiring separation between public and private sector databases, and
increasing access rights, to allow consumers to find out which organizations
have obtained personal information. Increased consumer information is also
stressed, such as a data breach notification modeled after California's
security breach law.
As extensive as the recommendations are,they still cannot address all of the
vast issues raised in earlier chapters, and "The Glass Consumer" may raise
more questions than it answers, but as technology and policy move forward,
raising and framing these questions is a necessary step. By precisely
articulating the debate on the personal information economy, "The Glass
Consumer" does the its readers, and the field of information privacy, a
great service.
-- Sherwin Siy
================================
EPIC Publications:
"Privacy & Human Rights 2004: An International Survey of Privacy Laws and
Developments" (EPIC 2004). Price: $50.
http://www.epic.org/bookstore/phr2004
This annual report by EPIC and Privacy International provides an overview of
key privacy topics and reviews the state of privacy in over 60 countries
around the world. The report outlines legal protections, new challenges, and
important issues and events relating to privacy.
Privacy & Human Rights 2004 is the most comprehensive report on privacy and
data protection ever published.
================================
"FOIA 2004: Litigation Under the Federal Open Government Laws," Harry
Hammitt, David Sobel and Tiffany Stedman, editors (EPIC 2004). Price:
$40.
http://www.epic.org/bookstore/foia2004
This is the standard reference work covering all aspects of the Freedom of
Information Act, the Privacy Act, the Government in the Sunshine Act, and
the Federal Advisory Committee Act. The 22nd edition fully updates the
manual that lawyers, journalists and researchers have relied on for more
than 25 years. For those who litigate open government cases (or need to
learn how to litigate them), this is an essential reference manual.
================================
"The Public Voice WSIS Sourcebook: Perspectives on the World Summit on the
Information Society" (EPIC 2004). Price: $40.
http://www.epic.org/bookstore/pvsourcebook
This resource promotes a dialogue on the issues, the outcomes, and the
process of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS). This
reference guide provides the official UN documents, regional and
issue-oriented perspectives, and recommendations and proposals for future
action, as well as a useful list of resources and contacts for individuals
and organizations that wish to become more involved in the WSIS process.
================================
"The Privacy Law Sourcebook 2004: United States Law, International Law, and
Recent Developments," Marc Rotenberg, editor (EPIC 2005). Price:
$40.
http://www.epic.org/bookstore/pls2004/
The Privacy Law Sourcebook, which has been called the "Physician's Desk
Reference" of the privacy world, is the leading resource for students,
attorneys, researchers, and journalists interested in pursuing privacy law
in the United States and around the world. It includes the full texts of
major privacy laws and directives such as the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the
Privacy Act, and the OECD Privacy Guidelines, as well as an up-to-date
section on recent developments. New materials include the APEC Privacy
Framework, the Video Voyeurism Prevention Act, and the CAN-SPAM Act.
================================
"Filters and Freedom 2.0: Free Speech Perspectives on Internet Content
Controls" (EPIC 2001). Price: $20.
http://www.epic.org/bookstore/filters2.0
A collection of essays, studies, and critiques of Internet content
filtering. These papers are instrumental in explaining why filtering
threatens free expression.
================================
"The Consumer Law Sourcebook 2000: Electronic Commerce and the Global
Economy," Sarah Andrews, editor (EPIC 2000). Price: $40.
http://www.epic.org/cls
The Consumer Law Sourcebook provides a basic set of materials for consumers,
policy makers, practitioners and researchers who are interested in the
emerging field of electronic commerce. The focus is on framework
legislation that articulates basic rights for consumers and the basic
responsibilities for businesses in the online economy.
================================
"Cryptography and Liberty 2000: An International Survey of Encryption
Policy," Wayne Madsen and David Banisar, authors (EPIC 2000). Price:
$20.
http://www.epic.org/bookstore/crypto00&
EPIC's third survey of encryption policies around the world. The results
indicate that the efforts to reduce export controls on strong encryption
products have largely succeeded, although several governments are gaining
new powers to combat the perceived threats of encryption to law enforcement.
================================
EPIC publications and other books on privacy, open government, free
expression, crypto and governance can be ordered at:
EPIC Bookstore http://www.epic.org/bookstore
"EPIC Bookshelf" at Powell's Books
http://www.powells.com/features/epic/epic.html
================================
EPIC also publishes EPIC FOIA Notes, which provides brief summaries of
interesting documents obtained from government agencies under the Freedom of
Information Act.
Subscribe to EPIC FOIA Notes at:
https://mailman.epic.org/cgi-bin/control/foia_notes
=======================================================================
[8] Upcoming Conferences and Events
=======================================================================
Internet Corporation For Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) Meeting.
November 30-December 4, 2005. Vancouver, Canada. For more information:
http://www.icann.org
Regulating Search: a Symposium on Search Engines, Law, and Public Policy.
Yale Information Society Project, Yale Law School. December 3, 2005. New
Haven, Connecticut. For more information:
http://islandia.law.yale.edu/isp/regulatingsearch.html
Committee Meeting of the Department of Homeland Security's Data Privacy and
Integrity Advisory Committee. Department of Homeland Security.
December 6, 2005. Washington, DC. For more information:
http://www.dhs.gov/dhspublic/interapp/editorial/editorial_0765.xml
Cutting Edge Issues in Technology Law Confrence. Law Seminars International.
December 8-9, 2005. Seattle, Washington. For more
information:
http://www.lawseminars.com/seminars/05COMWA.php
Meeting of the Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board. National
Institute of Standards and Technology. December 6-7, 2005. Rockville,
Maryland. For more information:
http://www.epic.org/redirect/ispab2005.html
http://csrc.nist.gov/ispab/meeting-schedule.html
Ensuring Privacy and Secuurity of Consumer Information. American Conference
Institute. January 26-27, 2006. New York, New York. For more
information:
http://www.americanconference.com/privacy
Privacy in the Information Age: Databasese, Digital Dossiers, and
Surveillance. High Tech Law Institute, Santa Clara University. January 27,
2006. Santa Clara, California. For more information:
http://hightechlaw.scu.edu/law/hightech/news_and_events.html
First International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security.
Vienna University of Technology. April 20-22, 2006. Vienna, Austria. For
more inofrmation:
http://www.ifs.tuwien.ac.at/ares2006/
CHI 2006 Workshop on Privacy-Enhanced Personalization. UC Irvine Institute
for Software Research and the National Science Foundation.
April 22-23. Montreal, Quebec, Canada. For more information:
http://www.isr.uci.edu/pep06/
International Conference on Privacy, Security, and Trust (PST 2006).
University of Ontario Institute of Technology. October 20-November 1, 2006.
Oshawa, Ontario, Canada. For more information:
http://www.businessandit.uoit.ca/pst2006/
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About EPIC
=======================================================================
The Electronic Privacy Information Center is a public interest research
center in Washington, DC. It was established in 1994 to focus public
attention on emerging privacy issues such as the Clipper Chip, the Digital
Telephony proposal, national ID cards, medical record privacy, and the
collection and sale of personal information. EPIC publishes the EPIC Alert,
pursues Freedom of Information Act litigation, and conducts policy research.
For more information, see http://www.epic.org or write EPIC, 1718
Connecticut Ave., NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20009. +1 202
483 1140 (tel), +1 202 483 1248 (fax).
If you'd like to support the work of the Electronic Privacy Information
Center, contributions are welcome and fully tax-deductible. Checks should
be made out to "EPIC" and sent to 1718 Connecticut Ave., NW, Suite 200,
Washington, DC 20009. Or you can contribute online at:
http://www.epic.org/donate
Your contributions will help support Freedom of Information Act and First
Amendment litigation, strong and effective advocacy for the right of privacy
and efforts to oppose government regulation of encryption and expanding
wiretapping powers.
Thank you for your support.
------------------------- END EPIC Alert 12.24 -------------------------
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