>Can any one help? I'm struggling with the technical point of how to deal >with a proportion of zero, >especially in a small study. e.g. "none of the eight study patients >responded to treatment therefore the treatment >should never be used clinically for similar patients". >Is there a way of generating a confidence interval for a proportion of >zero? Beyond exact probability methods, there is an approximation. See: Hanley JA, Lippman-Hand A If Nothing Goes Wrong, Is Everything All Right- Interpreting Zero Numerators JAMA 1983;249(13):1743-1745 David Birnbaum, PhD, MPH Clinical Assistant Professor Dept. of Health Care & Epidemiology University of British Columbia, Canada %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%