----- Original Message ----- From: Patrick Nugent <[log in to unmask]> > From spending my share of time with medieval mss, as many of you have, it > seems to me that the strict standardization of Roman numerals is a creation > of 19th and 20th century elementary school textbooks, and that there is > room for flexibility. MIM looks infelicitous to me, but I have no good > reason whatsoever to defend that. Its meaning is clear enough. (Now, > perhaps one's measure should be classical or hellenistic Roman > inscriptions, but that's out of my league; it could be they had it > standardized and the Middle Ages, as in so many areas, loosened things up a > bit.) OTOH, perhaps not. My beloved and well worn first edition copy is celebrating its centenary this year, so one can readily find newer (and perhaps more reliable?) analysis than George Lane's _Latin Grammar_. But FWIW, he concludes his discussion of numeral notation with a remark that "Of the two methods of writing the symbols for 4,9,14,19 &c., the method by subtraction (IV, IX, XIX, XIX, &c.) is rarer and is characteristic of private, not public inscriptions." p.s. There is perhaps some learned article on the subject in _Latinitas_ that explains why the LEV opted for MIM. Having no library in hoc exilium meum I am unable to verify my suspicion. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%