I would also be interested to learn how football encourages violence against women and children. I have no experience of American football but UK football is often characterised by feminist writers in a similar way; however, I have no direct evidence of this myself. My club side, Chelsea, is well known for its violent following, but this is usually lads fighting each other; I have never seen violence perpetrated against women and children. Do you mean that football encourages men commit physical assaults on women and children outside of football? This is highly unlikely. Have any of these feminists who criticise 'macho' working class male culture ever been to a football match? I doubt it! Let's be clear, maleviolence is a problem, but it has very little to do with football. If there is violence at football (a problem in the UK) or if some men who attend football are also violent outside of football, this is more likely to reflect broader social values and relations. I have yet to see any of this' well documented' evidence of football being the cause. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%