The point being expressed here is that the proponents of evolutionary based ethics have missed is what Matt Ridley points out in his "The Origins of Virture" is that in animals altruism does not exist except in terms of the selfish gene. Genes rule how animals interact with each other. There are virtually no examples of altruism in animals except those that are related and this is pure selfishness on the part of the genes that similarly related individuals share. However, in some cases there is something known as "reciprocal altruism" but this is not altruism either, but the selfish gene expressing it's interests in solitary living species. Cooperation in animals therefore is an evolutionary strategy that confers the survival in species that are related. Altruism is not cooperation however but is selflessness. Selflessness in animals...does it exist? At 09:17 AM 12/1/1998 -0600, you wrote: > >First, let me be clear that by Altruism here I mean the reciprocal altruism of >evolutionary biology but the selfless kind Mr. Foster writes about. > >My comment to Mr. Foster that such Altruism is not an stable evolutionary survival >strategy got me thinking. Environmentalists tend to describe the good as that >which is sustainable in the long term, that which tends to create or sustain a >stable ecosystem, etc. > >Mr. Foster's version of altruism does none of these things. According to game >theorists his "dove" strategy is unstable. Any population that adopts this >strategy exclusively is doomed to extinction. Is extinction consistent with sound >environmentalism? I doubt it. > >So, strange as it sounds, Altruism may be inconsistent with environmentalism. > > > %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%