Further toward our discussion of a couple weeks backs about monks undertaking pastoral duties, I'm wondering if anyone knows of any scholarship which traces this development back to its beginnings. Clearly the earliest monks weren't obliged to preach. But by the Bede's time if not earlier this appears to have changed; Bede himself certainly felt that monks were charged with pastoral care, as did Gregory the Great. What I'm unsure about is the figures before Gregory who also took this position. Also, I have forgotten whether this list is archived. If it is, what is the URL? Best, Scott %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%