> Bob, > I was paraphrasing the notes to the English translation of Hildegard's > letters. Is there some conduit, like the commentaries on the Bible, > through which the earlier ideas might have reached her? > tom I would expect this to be the case, and perhaps a survey of relevant indices for the use of Deut 33.17 would be instructive -- or a search of the relevant databases (TLG, MPL, CETEDOC, Electronic Bible Society, etc) for "Unicorn" or its equivalents. There is a brief discussion by Jean Danielou in his <t>Theology of Jewish Christianity</> 273, with a focus on the Justin passage and footnotes to H. Rahner, <t>Griechische Myten in christlicher Deutung</> (Zu%rich 1945) 415, and the following comment: "Hippolytus, Ben.Mos. 173-174, takes up Justin's elaboration, as does Apollinarius of Hierapolis (cf. Routh, Rel. Sacr., 1, p.161)." But I think the "elaboration" refers to the detailed way in which Justin gets cross imagery from a horn, rather than simply the allusion to Christ/cross as "unicorn." Bob -- Robert A. Kraft, Religious Studies, University of Pennsylvania [log in to unmask] http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/rs/rak/kraft.html %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%