dear Ian In addition to the things already cited (particularly Tentler) I have found all of the following very helpful (though you may not want to subject your undergrads to all of them!) Mary Mansfield *The Humiliation of Sinners; Public Penance in Thirteenth Century France* (Cornell UP ?1995) - which is probably now *the* book on confession H.C.Lea *A History of Auricular Confession ...* (1896. NY 1968) 2 vols J.Bossy "The Social History of Confession in the Age of Reformation" TRHS 5th ser. 25 (1975) - actually deals with stuff from c13 onwards A.V.Murray "Confession Before 1215", TRHS 6th ser. 3 (1993) A.V.Murray "Confession as an Historical Source in the Thirteenth Century" in RHC Davis & JM Wallace-Hadrill (eds) The Writing of History in the Middle Ages (Oxford, 1981) M.F.Braswell *The Medieval Sinner; Characterization and Confession in the Literature of the English middle Ages* (London, 1983) T.N.Tentler "The Summa for Confessors as an Instrument of Social Control" and L.E.Boyle "The Summa for Confessors as a Genre and its Religious Intent" in C.Trinkhaus & H.Oberman (eds.) The Pursuit of Holiness in Late Medieval and Renaissance Religion (Leiden, 1974) Jaqueline Murray (article, title unremembered, but perhaps Jacqueline can fill it in herself!) in L.Smith & JHM Taylor (eds) Women, the Book and the Godly (Cambridge 1995) v.1 and in French: J.Avril "Remarques sur un Aspect de la Vie religieuse paroissale: la Pratique de la Confession et de la Communion du Xe au XIV siecle", Actes du 109e Congres National des Societes Savantes v.1 (1985) P.Michaud-Quantin "Textes Penitentiels languedociens au XIIIe siecle" in Cahiers de Fanjeaux v.6 (1971) C.Carozzi "Le ministere de la Confession ches les Precheurs de la Provence" in Cahiers de Fanjeaux v.8 (1973) and more theoretical stuff: M.Hepworth & B.S.Turner *Confession: Studies in Deviance and Religion* (London, 1982) J.Tambling *Confession: Sexuality, Sin, the Subject* (Manchester, 1990) T.Asad "On Ritual and Discipline in Medieval Christian Monasticism", Economy & Society 16 (1987) (good critique of Tentler's theory of social control) Michel Foucault *History of Sexuality volume One* particularly pp60-62 Leigh Gilmore *Autobiographics* (Cornell UP 1994) partic chapter 3 there is also some stuff particularly related to the relationship between annual confession and Inquisition; stuff on public confession c7 - c10; and I understand that there will also be a volume published next year, or soon thereafter, from the conference Confession in Medieval Culture and Society, the second Quodlibet Conference, Uni. of York, 9/3/96; presumably this will contain papers from Murray (both J. and A.V.), Biller, L.Smith and others. oh - and Kathy Troup has been doing work on confession these past months, and may have some other useful stuff (tho i'm not sure if she's online at this moment) hope some of the above is of some interest cheers john arnold Centre for Medieval Studies Kings Manor Exhibition Square York YO1 2EP ENGLAND (01904) 433948 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%