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The history of Fortuna and her wheel are lonmgstanding. Fortuna and her capriciousness are Roman to begin with. Look at the Roman goddesses. Also look at The Consolation of Philosophy by Boethius. Alfred the great addressed Fortuna in some of his writings. Fortuna shows up in tacit form in The Alliterative Morte Arthure. By the time she reaches medieval lit, she is subject to Christ. The teachings surrounding her encompass the seven deadly sins, vainglory, etc. Look at books by Howard Patch. He has a couple about Fortuna from her inception into thought up to today. His work is seminal and complete. Susan Perry Texas Woman's University From: MX%"[log in to unmask]" 25-SEP-1996 04:57:45.48 To: MX%"[log in to unmask]" CC: Subj: wheel of fortune From: "CA. Muessig" <[log in to unmask]> Subject: wheel of fortune To: [log in to unmask] Date: Wed, 25 Sep 1996 10:02:27 +0100 (BST) Dear All, Can anyone inform me about pre-1150 examples of the use of the metaphor of the wheel of fortune in medieval literary or historical texts? Carolyn Muessig [log in to unmask] %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%