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Today is the 100th anniversary of the British massacre at Amritsar, 13/4/1919 As often happens, the British action was counterproductive, in that it spurred on pro-independence initiatives by Gandhi and others, 13/4/1919. The British firedon and massacred Indian Nationalist rioters in Amritsar, Punjab.A British officer panicked and ordered his troops to fire at point-blank rangeinto a large crowd. 380 of Gandhi’s followers were killed and over 1200injured. This massacre turned evenmoderate Indians against the British. The army had been called in by thepolice after several days of rioting against new security laws, in which someEuropeans had been killed. Sadly this was not the last troubloe at Amritsar, there was conflict again there in 1947, 1984 and 1988. http://fooddeserts.org/images/000IndiaRegion.htm Dr Hillary J. Shaw Senior Research Fellow - Centre for Urban Research on Austerity Department of Politics and Public Policy De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH http://dmu.ac.uk/about-dmu/academic-staff/business-and-law/hilary-shaw/hillary-shaw.aspx www.fooddeserts.org ######################################################################## To unsubscribe from the CRIT-GEOG-FORUM list, click the following link: https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?SUBED1=CRIT-GEOG-FORUM&A=1