Hello Anderson, I am glad that permutation tests are possible. Concerning the covariates: - Age: The mean intervall between both measurements is 11.5 months, so age is changing comparably in all participants (would you consider age then as a constant covariate and just use age at pre-measurement)? - Objective and subjective severities: Both change in the intervention group, but not significantly in both control groups. Here I have to specify the following facts: -The objective disorder severity degree is available for all 3 participant groups, it is ordinal-scaled (though I have the opportunity to only include a subscore which is interval-scaled). - The subjective disorder severity degree is only available for patients with and patients without intervention (not for healthy participants) and is ordinal-scaled. In general, it would be nice to first calculate the permutations with a GLM containing no covariates and afterwards adding one ore more to the model. I am very thankful for your advice here! All the best, Annika