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I can concur with much of what Peter says, but the issue of bandwidth of grades is dictated by a presupposition that marks are distributed normally and hence wider bands are needed at the ends of the spectrum.  However, I would like to throw another pebble into the pond!  That concerns the use of rubrics that disaggregate the marks: my view is that a large number of such parameters leads to a convergence towards the mean.  Some while back I was involved in a programme that used grades for each item under consideration (in this case it was a portfolio of work) and then converted those grades to numbers.  To my mind this is a bit like changing sterling into euros and then back again - you lose something in the process.

I also have an issue about treating Likert scales as cardinal and then dealing with them arithmetically (to me the numbers are used to denote categories or, at best, are ordinal numbers) - this is much the same.

C Bland Tomkinson BSc BA MEd PFHEA FAUA
Visiting Lecturer, University of Manchester
Special Consultant, South East University, Nanjing
Associate Editor, HERD
Co-Editor, IETI

Trustee, International Tree Foundation

----Original message----
From : [log in to unmask]
Date : 06/03/2017 - 12:33 (GMTST)
To : [log in to unmask]
Subject : Re: Categorical Marking

I would also join the argument in favour of a grading system - after all we do end up sorting students into grades (the typical pass/merit/distinction at PG and the degree classes for UG) so why not focus on that throughout the course?

It might also resolve an issue which I think is implicit in the first comments from Stephen and John. Stephen mentioned “the full 100% mark range” and John talked of the “full range of scores from 0 to 100”. There are a few assumptions in there which I would challenge. For a starter it assumes that marks behave like numbers and I have issues with that (happy to expand on that if folk are interested).  But for this discussion I would like to query the notion of the range of marks.

Until fairly recently the actual range of marks used by examiners was something like 30-80. Anything less than 30 was complete disaster; you usually had to have an argument with external examiners to award anything over 80. Going further back in time (which unfortunately I am able to do with starting clarity) anything over 75 was regarded as ‘too generous’. And where did this scale come from in the first place?

Focusing just on UG for the moment, why is there a 30-point scale for First Class students and only a 10-point scale for everyone else? 
In a system which often uses average marks to determine final grade then doesn’t this give these students an ‘unfair' advantage?
For example, if a student can earn 90% for a 20-point module then they have boosted their overall average for the year by a couple of percent compared with that same student being marked according to previous conventions - and a couple of percent can often mean a difference in degree classification. 
And doesn’t this almost guarantee some amount of grade inflation?

So I think that grades deserve much more use (and investigation as Rachel suggests) alongside other ways of escaping from the problems of numerical marking, such as the work on programme-focused assessment which benefited from the contributions of Chris and colleagues (http://www.pass.brad.ac.uk ). 

Best wishes
Peter




On 6 Mar 2017, at 11:55, Rachel Forsyth <[log in to unmask]> wrote:

Completely agree with Chris (as ever) - four pass grades would be great. Here it is not compulsory, but we use it on our own PGC LTHE and I much prefer it. It’s stepped, or step marking here, and we offer this guidance http://www.celt.mmu.ac.uk/assessment/lifecycle/5_step_marking.php - we couldn’t find any studies on this either. What would you look at, if there were a study? Student and staff satisfaction with a reduced range of grades? 
 
Rachel
 
From: Online forum for SEDA, the Staff & Educational Development Association [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Chris Rust
Sent: 06 March 2017 11:05
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: Categorical Marking
 
John
 
In my view this is a half-way house to dealing with assessment problems/issues that doesn’t go far enough and essentially fudges the issue.  Much better to do away with the use of numbers altogether because of the baggage they bring and to use grades instead.  You also need to reduce the number of assessment choices to something sensible in terms of granularity.  At Brookes, before I retired and the project was shelved, we were moving to a grade based marking system (see attached) based on Biggs SOLO taxonomy with 4/8 pass grades.
 
Best wishes
Chris
 
Chris Rust
Professor Emeritus 
Oxford Brookes University
 
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