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Dear Prof. Fakher,
 
To me, the compaction of rubble mount materials is very hard especially in deep waters. It seems to me that using floating piles in the sea bed and above it would be useful to control the settlement and then the rouble mound is filled over the seabed. Actually, it would be applicable before filling rubble mound, while pile driving is impossible after the rockfill placement.
 
Regards,
 
Ehsan Seyedi Hosseininia

PhD in Geotechnical Engineering
Associate Professor
Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
P.O.Box: 91775-1111, Mashhad, Iran
Tel Office: (+98) 51-38805111
Fax: (+98) 51-38807184
Email: [log in to unmask]
Webpages:
http://eseyedi.profcms.um.ac.ir/index.php?mclang=en-GB
http://ir.linkedin.com/in/ehsanseyedi
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On 2017-02-24 16:24, Ali Fakher wrote:

Dear Colleagues,

As most of you know, composite caisson breakwaters are made of caissons which are supported by a rubble mound foundation. It seems rubble mound or rockfill foundations do not need any improvement to support the weight of caissons when the rock sizes and their quality are appropriate. However, caissons supported rockfills should be compacted when the allowable settlement of caissons is very small or rock particles are not appropriately graded. Compaction or other improvement methods are very expensive in deep waters. 

Has any method been used to compact a rubble mound rock fill when water depth is about 30 to 35 m? Please mention the projects.

 

Best wishes

Ali Fakher

Professor of Geotechnical Engineering

University of Tehran