I think that I'm really close but maybe running the command incorrectly: palm -i [modality#1] -i [modality#2] -d design.mat -n 10000 -T -npc -noniiclass -tonly -savemask -o OUTput where design.mat is set to 1 for all subjs (EV1) where design.con is set to '1' for contrast to do 1-SampleT (EV1) > This doesn't do any sign flips/shuffling. The tstat and npc 'fwep' maps just look like a binary brain mask. Thank you, Desmond