 |
 |
. . MEDICAL: CONDITIONS: OBESITY : JOURNAL ARTICLES : RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS: Advanced Age, Obesity, Physical Activity Affect Diabetes Risk in Rural India . . Advanced Age, Obesity, Physical Activity Affect Diabetes Risk in Rural India Barik A, et al. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2016;doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2016-000255. August 3, 2016 http://tinyurl.com/z8kbzbt Among adults in rural India, older age, greater wealth, advanced education level and limited physical activity all increase the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes, according to recent findings. . Results indicate that age group, economic status, being overweight/obese and low level of physical activity are the potential risk factors of diabetes, Anamitra Barik, MBBS, DPH, research coordinator at the Society for Health and Demographic Surveillance in Suri, West Bengal, India, and colleagues wrote. Although these risk factors appear as independent characteristics associated with diabetes, they are also interrelated. . In a cross-sectional study, Barik and colleagues analyzed data from 7,674 adults without cardiovascular disease or type 1 diabetes from the Birbhum Population Project, a health and demographic surveillance system site located in West Bengal. Data, collected between July 2012 and March 2013, include demographic processes, population health, epidemiology and health care utilization with a focus on anthropometric indices; cardiometabolic imaging data is available in a subgroup of adults. Researchers assessed venous plasma glucose to measure glucose concentrations in blood; participants were categorized as having diabetes, prediabetes or impaired glucose tolerance, or normoglycemia. Researchers interviewed participants and conducted home study visits every 3 weeks for assessment of follow-up for clinical events. . snip . . Related Artciles Increased mortality risk associated with IGT mostly attributable to type 2 diabetes Gong Q, et al. Diabetes Care. 2016;doi:10.2337/dc15-0426. August 3, 2016 http://tinyurl.com/jb7ll6u . . ntensive glycemic control improved prognosis in patients on hemodialysis Poor HbA1c predicted decreased cumulative survival rate. Endocrine Today, August 2006 http://tinyurl.com/z7jw2lg . . DPP-IV activity linked to mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes Zheng T, et al. Diabetes Care. 2016;doi:10.2337/dc16-0316. July 5, 2016 http://tinyurl.com/jhv4pjx . . Increasing obesity rate related to increased cost to society Morbidities associated with obesity are also associated with high medical costs for care. Endocrine Today, December 2008 Brant K. Oelschlager, MD; Saad Shebrain, MD http://tinyurl.com/jrgqckr . . Obesity is a global epidemic according to World Health Organization reports. There are more than 1 billion overweight (BMI 2529.9) adults, and at least 300 million of them are obese (BMI > 30) compared with 850 million who are chronically underweight (malnutrition and hunger). The United States ranks number one in the world in rates of overweight and obese individuals per capita, estimated in 2004 at 64.5% of the population; Mexico (62.3%), the United Kingdom (61%) and Australia (58.4%) follow close behind. The lowest percentages are recorded in Japan (25.8%) and Korea (30.6%). . Researchers from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health addressed the prevalence of obesity and found the U.S. obesity rate has increased at an alarming rate over the past three decades, according to results of a recent study. The researchers expect that by 2030, 86% of U.S. adults will be overweight or obese, with related health care spending projected to be as much as $956.9 billion. They concluded that without a change in peoples eating habits or exercise habits, the figures will continue climbing to a public crisis. . Researchers from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health addressed the prevalence of obesity and found the U.S. obesity rate has increased at an alarming rate over the past three decades, according to results of a recent study. The researchers expect that by 2030, 86% of U.S. adults will be overweight or obese, with related health care spending projected to be as much as $956.9 billion. They concluded that without a change in peoples eating habits or exercise habits, the figures will continue climbing to a public crisis. . From an economic standpoint, obesity is costly for both individuals and society, with its associated major health problems leading to substantial economic consequences for the U.S. health care system. This includes both direct and indirect costs. Direct medical costs may include preventive, diagnostic, and treatment services related to obesity; indirect costs relate to morbidity and mortality costs. . The pyramid of economic costs . These economic costs related to obesity hit on multiple levels, starting from the base of pyramid the overweight or obese person him/herself, his/her employment, the family to the community, to the city level, to the state level, the national level, and the global international level. All these levels have a common pathway of economic destruction with shifting the resources from being used for human welfare like education, health care of manageable diseases and building the infrastructures in community in need. . At an individual level, obese people are subjected to a well-known major health problems related to obesity including, but not limited to, hypertension, osteoarthritis, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, gallbladder disease, sleep apnea and respiratory problems, and some cancers (endometrial, breast, and colon). These morbidities are associated with very high medical costs for treatment of these problems or their complications. Unfortunately, almost all obese people have a combination of more than one of these health issues. . Obesity and obesity-related conditions result in $62.7 billion in doctors visits and $39.3 billion in lost workdays each year. Type 2 diabetes, for example, has the highest contribution with an estimated $98 billion per year in health care costs because of its links with other health issues such as coronary artery diseases, renal diseases, hyperlipidemia and stroke. . Effect on life . The effect of obesity is not limited to health problems only, but it encompasses all aspects of these individuals daily living activities at home and travel. An example of this is the reflection of obesity on fuel consumption. In the 1990s, Americans average weight increased by 10 lb, which meant that airlines spent $275 million on fuel costs in one year to account for that average increase in weight. This made some airlines require obese people or people who may take up more than one seat to buy an adequate number of seats on the flight. . More recently, researchers found that nearly 1 billion additional gallons of fuel are consumed annually in the United States as a result of average passenger weight increases since 1960. They concluded that 0.7% of the fuel consumed by passenger vehicles annually can be attributed to the rising prevalence of obesity since 1960. Although this fraction seems to be small, it can be translated into a large amount of money loss when one considers the increasing cost of gasoline. . . snip . . DATABASE SEARCH RESULTS: Societal Costs of Obesity Google Scholar http://tinyurl.com/h4gl4ky . Google Books http://tinyurl.com/ja36too . Google Domain Limited Web Search (PUBMED) http://tinyurl.com/z9halfp . Google Domain Limited Web Search (SCIENCEDIRECT) http://tinyurl.com/z27cjpx . Google Domain Limited Web Search (GOV) http://tinyurl.com/jlngl3c . Temple Summon Search http://tinyurl.com/ht4esbc SOURCE TYPE Sort Order Audio Recording (46) Book / eBook (3,437) Book Chapter (293) Book Review (96) Conference Proceeding (32) Dissertation/Thesis (2,774) Government Document (293) Journal Article (5,759) Magazine Article (685) Market Research (170) Newsletter (404) Newspaper (14) Newspaper Article (12,270) Pamphlet (2) Paper (23) Patent (2) Publication (33) Reference (454) Report (542) Research Guide (3) Streaming Video (14) Trade Publication Article (187) Transcript (622) Video Recording (1) Web Resource (111) . . PogoFrog http://tinyurl.com/hs6rzkv . . Trip Database http://tinyurl.com/zwwag9u . . WEBBIB1617 http://tinyurl.com/gtdzaq3 . . Sincerely, David Dillard Temple University (215) 204 - 4584 [log in to unmask] http://workface.com/e/daviddillard Net-Gold https://groups.io/g/Net-Gold http://groups.yahoo.com/group/net-gold http://listserv.temple.edu/archives/net-gold.html https://groups.io/org/groupsio/Net-Gold/archives http://net-gold.3172864.n2.nabble.com/ Temple University and Google Sites Research Guides AND Discussion Group Directory http://tinyurl.com/ngda2hk OR https://sites.google.com/site/researchguidesonsites/ RESEARCH PAPER WRITING http://guides.temple.edu/research-papers EMPLOYMENT http://guides.temple.edu/employment-guide INTERNSHIPS http://guides.temple.edu/employment-internships HOSPITALITY http://guides.temple.edu/hospitality-guide DISABILITIES AND EMPLOYMENT http://guides.temple.edu/c.php?g=134557 INDOOR GARDENING https://groups.io/g/indoor-gardening Educator-Gold http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Educator-Gold/ K12ADMINLIFE http://groups.yahoo.com/group/K12AdminLIFE/ PUBLIC HEALTH RESOURCES INCLUDING EBOLA http://guides.temple.edu/public-health-guide STATISTICS SOURCES RESEARCH GUIDE http://guides.temple.edu/statistics-sources Social Work and Social Issues Discussion Group https://groups.io/g/social-work Tourism Discussion Group https://groups.io/g/Tourism Digital Scholarship Discussion Group https://groups.io/g/DigitalScholarship/threads https://listserv.temple.edu/cgi-bin/wa?A0=DIGITAL-SCHOLARSHIP https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/digital-scholarship/info https://digitalscholarshipandscholarlypublication.wordpress.com/ Copyright Research Guide Copyright, Intellectual Property and Plagiarism Sources http://guides.temple.edu/copyright-plagiarism Fair Use http://guides.temple.edu/fair-use Blog https://educatorgold.wordpress.com/ Articles by David Dillard https://sites.google.com/site/daviddillardsarticles/ Information Literacy (Russell Conwell Guide) http://tinyurl.com/78a4shn Nina Dillard's Photographs on Net-Gold http://www.flickr.com/photos/neemers/ Twitter: davidpdillard Temple University Site Map https://sites.google.com/site/templeunivsitemap/home Bushell, R. & Sheldon, P. (eds), Wellness and Tourism: Mind, Body, Spirit, Place, New York: Cognizant Communication Books. Wellness Tourism: Bibliographic and Webliographic Essay David P. Dillard http://tinyurl.com/o4pn4o9 Rail Transportation https://groups.io/org/groupsio/RailTransportation INDOOR GARDENING Improve Your Chances for Indoor Gardening Success http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/IndoorGardeningUrban/ SPORT-MED https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/lists/sport-med.html http://groups.yahoo.com/group/sports-med/ http://listserv.temple.edu/archives/sport-med.html HEALTH DIET FITNESS RECREATION SPORTS TOURISM https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/healthrecsport/info http://listserv.temple.edu/archives/health-recreation-sports-tourism.html . . Please Ignore All Links to JIGLU in search results for Net-Gold and related lists. The Net-Gold relationship with JIGLU has been terminated by JIGLU and these are dead links. http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Net-Gold/message/30664 http://health.groups.yahoo.com/group/healthrecsport/message/145 Temple University Listserv Alert : Years 2009 and 2010 Eliminated from Archives https://sites.google.com/site/templeuniversitylistservalert/ . .