Phil, > models are crisply described external to the human mind, they are objective entities I have been staying out of this (and vow to return to staying out of this pretty much right away) but think I need some clarification here. It seems like you are saying that the product of human minds that are described by humans therefore become "real" in the sense of not cultural nor in extricably linked to humans. There seems to be something I’m missing in your statement. > On Jan 3, 2016, at 8:40 PM, Filippo Salustri <[log in to unmask]> wrote: > > Teena, > No, of course not. They were developed, over time, by people. As such > they're "models" (imperfect representations of other things), but they > represent phenomena that exist. And because the models are crisply > described external to the human mind, they are objective entities. > > \V/_ /fas > > *Prof. Filippo A. Salustri, Ph.D., P.Eng.* > Email: [log in to unmask] > http://deseng.ryerson.ca/~fil/ > > On 3 January 2016 at 20:16, Teena Clerke <[log in to unmask]> wrote: > >> Hi Fil, >> >> Are you saying that tests/methods/conditions/conclusions were drawn by ‘no >> one’? >> >> cheers, teena >> >> >>> Put another way: no one "decided." All the tests/methods/conditions are >>> conclusions drawn from research on the subject. That's what makes it >>> objective. >> Gunnar Gunnar Swanson East Carolina University graphic design program http://www.ecu.edu/cs-cfac/soad/graphic/index.cfm [log in to unmask] Gunnar Swanson Design Office 1901 East 6th Street Greenville NC 27858 USA http://www.gunnarswanson.com [log in to unmask] +1 252 258-7006 ----------------------------------------------------------------- PhD-Design mailing list <[log in to unmask]> Discussion of PhD studies and related research in Design Subscribe or Unsubscribe at https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/phd-design -----------------------------------------------------------------