Hi Jacob It's not the cosine of the phase error, it's the *expectation* of the cosine of the phase error, obtained from the probability density function of the phase error. Important words often get omitted in casual conversation! Cheers -- Ian On 26 January 2016 at 16:52, Keller, Jacob <[log in to unmask]> wrote: > Dear Crystallographers, > > I've wondered this for a while, but have not tracked down the answer yet: > FOM is defined as the cosine of the phase error. To determine the phase > error, it would seem necessary to know the model phases and also the true > phases. But if we know the true phases, then...? Accordingly, there must be > some way to estimate the phase error without knowing the true phases--how > is that done? > > JPK > > ******************************************* > Jacob Pearson Keller, PhD > Looger Lab/HHMI Janelia Research Campus > 19700 Helix Dr, Ashburn, VA 20147 > email: [log in to unmask] > ******************************************* >