I may have read the initial email too quickly. Here are some points to clarify the choices that I would make: (1) If the conditions are the same, then you could use the second contrast: a single row F-test replicated across sessions. (2) All of my studies include multiple conditions and thus all use a multiple row F-contrast for removing the non-neuronal signal from the BOLD measurements - hence the assumption of the multiple row F-contrast in your case. For each condition, and each derivative term (if in the model) and parametric/time modulator (if in the model), you want a separate row. Thus, most cases involve an F-contrast that is multiple rows. Each of these rows will contain the contrast vector for a single condition. The replicate feature only works if the column order is the same in all sessions. The difference between your two contrasts is a slight difference in how the null space is computed. Here is the formula: null-space (e.g. Y0) = sX.X*(eye(spm_sp('size',sX,2)) - spm_sp('xpx-',sX)*Q*b sX=SPM.xX.xKXs; b are the beta weights Fc is the contrast structure. If Fc.X0 is a structure: Q=(spm_sp('ox',spm_sp('set',Fc.X1o.ukX1o))' * spm_sp('cukx',sX))'*(spm_sp('ox',spm_sp('set',Fc.X1o.ukX1o))' * spm_sp('cukx',sX)) If Fc.X0 is not a structure: Q=Fc.c * pinv(Fc.X1o' * Fc.X1o) * Fc.c' Best Regards, Donald McLaren, PhD On Mon, Jul 27, 2015 at 5:20 AM, Antonio Díaz Parra <[log in to unmask]> wrote: > Hi Donald, many thanks for your reply. > > Could you give me any detail else? I assume that the second contrast just > removes the noise that is common for the three sessions whereas the first > one individually removes the noise of each session . Nevertheless, when I > use the contrast manager module (with weights matrix equals "1" and > replicate over sessions equals "Replicate&Scale" ), the program > automatically sets the F-contrast as a vector rather than as a matrix. That > is the reason why I am a little confused. > > Kindest regards, > > Antonio > >